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Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie up2date 2014; 9(1): 3-16
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1357874
Prophylaxe und Management von Komplikationen
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Das akute Kompartmentsyndrom

Teil 1: Ätiologie, Pathophysiologie, Diagnostik
S. Hawel
1   Abteilung Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Septisch-Plastische und Handchirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Berlin
,
D. Sach
2   Gefäß- und Thoraxchirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Berlin
,
T. M. Bublitz
1   Abteilung Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Septisch-Plastische und Handchirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Berlin
,
C. Willy
1   Abteilung Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Septisch-Plastische und Handchirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Berlin
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
18 February 2014 (online)

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Das Kompartmentsyndrom der Extremitäten stellt eine unfallchirurgische Notfallsituation dar, die bei verzögerter Therapie eine vitale Gefährdung des betroffenen Extremitätenabschnitts bedeutet. Wesentliches pathophysiologisches Charakteristikum ist – unabhängig von der Lokalisation – die intrakompartimentelle Gewebedruckerhöhung mit einer daraus resultierenden Mikroperfusionsstörung und nachfolgenden Hypoxie der betroffenen Muskulatur. Die Druckerhöhung kann aus einer direkt verletzungsbedingten Weichteileinblutung und aus einem ischämieinduzierten Ödem resultieren. Im Bereich der Extremitäten sind von besonderer klinischer Bedeutung

In Teil 1 werden die Ätiologie, Pathophysiologie und die Diagnostik beschrieben. In Teil 2 des Artikels (s. Hawel et al. [1]) sind das therapeutische Vorgehen inkl. der möglichen Komplikationen sowie das Outcome dargestellt.

 

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    • Zum Weiterlesen und Vertiefen

    • 1 Heckman MM, Whitesides jr. TE, Grewe SR, Rooks MD. Compartment pressure in association with closed tibial fractures. The relationship between tissue pressure, compartment, and the distance from the site of the fracture. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1994; 76: 1285-1292
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      PubMedGoogle Scholar
    • 3 McQueen MM, Christie J, Court-Brown CM. Acute compartment syndrome in tibial diaphyseal fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1996; 78: 95-98
      PubMedGoogle Scholar
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      CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
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      CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
    • 6 Willy C, Gerngross H, Sterk J. Measurement of intracompartmental pressure with use of a new electronic transducer-tipped catheter system. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1999; 81: 158-168
      PubMedGoogle Scholar