Differenzialdiagnostik und Psychopharmakotherapie bipolarer Störungen

Zusammenfassung

Bipolare Störungen sind eine häufige, chronische und das Leben des Patienten auf das Schwerste beeinträchtigende psychiatrische Erkrankung. Ihre Verläufe können dabei sehr individuell und heterogen sein, die bekanntesten und häufigsten sind dabei die klassische Bipolar-I-Störung sowie die Bipolar-II-Störung. Jedoch selbst typische Bipolar-I-Störungen sind in Deutschland noch deutlich unterdiagnostiziert und entsprechend unterbehandelt. Dabei steht in den letzten Jahren eine Vielzahl neuer pharmakologischer Therapieoptionen zur Verfügung, sowohl im Bereich der Antiepileptika als auch der atypischen Antipsychotika. Daraus ergeben sich schon jetzt neue Therapieansätze, nicht nur in der akuten Behandlung der Manie, sondern auch in der Behandlung bipolarer Depression sowie der Phasenprophylaxe, die gewiss in den nächsten Jahren auch noch weiter zunehmen werden.

Abstract

Bipolar disorders constitute a group of frequent, chronic psychiatric illnesses with a most severe impact on the patient’s life. The course can be very individual and heterogeneous, the best known and most frequent manifestations include the classical bipolar I and bipolar II disorders. However, in Germany even typical bipolar I disorders are underdiagnosed and, consequently, undertreated. This is true despite the fact that the number of pharmacological treatment options has rapidly increased during recent years, both in the field of anticonvulsants and atypical antipsychotics. This supplies us today with new therapeutic strategies, not only for acute mania, but also for bipolar depression and maintenance treatment, and it is feasible to assume that there will be more options available within the next few years.

Schlüsselwörter

Bipolare Störung - Manie - Depression - Pharmakotherapie

Key words

bipolar disorder - mania - depression - pharmacotherapy

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