Rapid and Accurate Anatomical Localization of Implanted Subdural Electrodes in a Virtual Reality Environment

Carlo Serra; Hans-Jőrgen Huppertz; R.A. Kockro; Thomas Grunwald; Oliver Bozinov; Niklaus Krayenbühl; René-Ludwig Bernays

doi:10.1055/s-0032-1333124

Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery, Table of Contents

J Neurol Surg A Cent Eur Neurosurg 2013; 74(03): 175-182
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1333124

Technical Note

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Rapid and Accurate Anatomical Localization of Implanted Subdural Electrodes in a Virtual Reality Environment

Carlo Serra

¹Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Unispital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

,

Hans-Jőrgen Huppertz

²Department of Medizinische Bildverarbeitung, Swiss Epilepsy Center, Zurich, Switzerland

,

R.A. Kockro

³Department of Neurosurgery, Klinik Hirslanden, Zurich, Switzerland

,

Thomas Grunwald

⁴Abteilung für Klinische Neurophysiologie, Swiss Epilepsy Center, Zurich, Switzerland

,

Oliver Bozinov

¹Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Unispital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

,

Niklaus Krayenbühl

¹Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Unispital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

,

René-Ludwig Bernays

¹Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Unispital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Background An accurate and rapid anatomical localization of implanted subdural electrodes is essential in the invasive diagnostic process for epilepsy surgery.

Objective To demonstrate our experience with a three-dimensional (3D) virtual reality simulation software (Dextroscope^®, Bracco Imaging, Milano, Italy) in the postoperative localization of subdural electrodes.

Methods Postoperative thin-slice computed tomography (CT) scans were coregistered to preoperative 3D magnetic resonance (MR) images in the Dextroscope environment in 10 patients. Single-electrode contacts were segmented and their positions in relation to specific brain anatomic structures were obtained by 3D reconstruction within the Dextroscope environment. The spatial accuracy was tested by comparing the positions of the electrode contacts as visible in the 3D reconstruction with intraoperative photographs. Image processing time was also recorded.

Results The 3D stereoscopic reconstruction provided an accurate representation of the implanted electrodes with highly detailed visualization of the underlying anatomy. The mean absolute difference between 3D reconstruction and intraoperative photographs was 2.4 mm ± 2.2 mm. The processing time to obtain the 3D reconstructions did not exceed 15 minutes.

Conclusions The results indicate that the 3D virtual reality simulation software used in our series is a useful tool for rapid and precise localization of subdural electrodes implanted for invasive electroencephalography (EEG) recordings.

Keywords

Dextroscope - subdural - electrodes - epilepsy - neurosurgery

Full Text

References

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