Semin Thromb Hemost 2012; 38(08): 818-829
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1328882
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Antimicrobial Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia: A Review of the Literature

Angela S. Loo
1   Department of Pharmacy, NewYork-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
,
Lana Gerzenshtein
2   Department of Pharmacy, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
,
Michael G. Ison
3   Divisions of Infectious Diseases & Organ Transplantation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
18 October 2012 (online)

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Abstract

The incidence of drug-induced thrombocytopenia (DIT) is not well-defined, but is estimated to occur at a minimum of 10 cases per million per year. This review will focus on the potential DIT associated with specific antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic agents. Case reports, cohort studies, and clinical trials were identified using PubMed search terms for each antimicrobial along with the Boolean combiner AND to match with the following outcomes: thrombocytopenia and bleed. Thrombocytopenia was defined as a platelet count of < 100 × 109/L or a decrease in platelet count of at least 50% from baseline. A majority of the data supporting antimicrobial-induced thrombocytopenia consist of case reports and small studies. However, clinicians should be vigilant in monitoring patient platelet counts, as an immune-mediated mechanism is frequently responsible for this hematologic adverse effect and is therefore unpredictable.