Download PDF
Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2012; 120(10): 573-578
DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314874
Article
© J. A. Barth Verlag in Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Life-long Weight Change can Predict Metabolic Diseases

Retrospective Primary Care Study on the Weight Gain Differences between Elderly Patients with Diabetes and Hypertension
E. Kovács
1   Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health
,
Z. Jancsó
1   Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health
,
C. Móczár
3   Irinyi Health Center, Kecskemét, Hungary
,
E. Szigethy
2   Public Health Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Science Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
,
T. Frese
4   Department of General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
,
I. Rurik
1   Department of Family and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health
5   Primary Care Centre, Budapest XX., Budapest, Hungary
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 27 November 2011
first decision 23 April 2012

accepted 23 May 2012

Publication Date:
06 September 2012 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Background:

Patients with diabetes and hypertension represent a large proportion of primary care patients. Evaluation of their parameters usually requires medical setting, body weight and height can be measured by the patients themselves and this is often the case.

The aim of this retrospective study is to analyse and to compare the life-long data on weight and BMI of patients with diabetes and hypertension and those without these pathologic conditions.

Patients:

Eventually selected 759 patients (337 men, 422 women) between 60 and 70 years of age in different primary care settings were involved.

Methods:

Retrospective and recent self-recorded data on weight and height in every decade since the age of 20 years in both genders were collected. These were compared to the control group of persons free from diabetes and hypertension.

Results:

The current body weight and BMI were significantly higher in all groups than at 20 years and less than their maximal values.

Patients with diabetes started at higher weights and their greatest gain was observed between 20–30 years in men and between 30–40 years in women, and in the last decade prior to diagnosis in both genders. Weight gain in the control group was steady at a lower rate.

Conclusions:

Higher increases in body weight in the early youth decades were related to elevated hazard ratios for diabetes in men and for hypertension in women.

More research with standardized methodology is needed to explore this relationship better: meanwhile more contribution is expected from primary care physicians in the weight management of their younger patients.

Key words

BMI - diabetes - elderly - Hungarian - hypertension - metabolic syndrome - obesity - primary care - weight gain
 

  • References

  • 1 Alberti KG, Zimmet P, Shaw J. IDF Epidemiology Task Force Consensus Group. The metabolic syndrome – a new worldwide definition. Lancet 2005; 366: 1059-1062
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Yang G, Xiang YB, Zheng W et al. Body weight and weight change in relation to blood pressure in normotensive men. J Hum Hypertens 2007; 21: 45-52
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Shai I, Jiang R, Manson JE et al. Ethnicity, obesity an risk of type 2 diabetes in women: a 20-year follow-up study. Diabetes Care 2006; 29: 1589-1590
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Szabó KJ, Adány R, Balla J et al. Advances in the prevention, diagnosis and therapy of vascular diseases. Orv Hetil 2012; 153: 483-498 (Hungarian)
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Joffe D, Yanagisawa RT. Metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: can we stop the weight gain with diabetes?. Med Clin North Am 2007; 91: 1107-1123
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Nguyen NT, Magno CP, Lane KT et al. Association of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome with obesity: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2004. J Am Coll Surg. 2008 207. 928-934
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Thompson JN. Fetal nutrition and adult hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and coronary artery disease. Neonatal Netw 2007; 26: 235-240
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Meneghini LF, Orozco-Beltran D, Khunti K et al. Weight Beneficial Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes. J Clin Endocrin Metab 2011; 96: 3337-3353
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Lett TA, Wallace TJ, Chowdhury NI et al. Pharmacogenetics of antipsychotic-induced weight gain: review and clinical implications. Mol Psychiatry 2012; 17: 242-266
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Katona É, Zrínyi M, Lengyel S et al. The prevalence of adolescent hypertension in Hungary – the Debrecen hypertension study. Blood Press 2011; 20: 134-139
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Ilyés I. Childhood obesity is a cardiovascular risk factor. Eur J Gen Pract 1996; 1: 173
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Molnar D, Erhardt É. Severe childhood obesity: What are the keys for management?. Int J Pediatr Obesity 2008; 3 (S2) 9-14
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Rurik I, Antal M. Nutritional habits and life style practice of elderly people in Hungary. Acta Alim 2003; 32: 77-88
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Hays NP, Bathalon GP, Roubenoff R et al. Eating behaviour and weight change in healthy postmenopausal women: results of a 4-year longitudinal study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2006; 61: 608-615
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Liese AD, Döring A, Hense AW et al. Five years changes in waist circumference, body mass index and obesity in Augsburg, Germany. Eur J Nutr 2001; 17: 912-916
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Gallus S, Colombo P, Scarpino V et al. Overweight and obesity in Italian adults 2004, and an overview of trends since 1983. Eur J Clin Nutr 2006; 60: 1174-1179
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Williams PT. Increases in weight and body size increase the odds for hypertension during 7 years of follow-up. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16: 2541-2548
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Black E, Holst C, Astrup A et al. Long-term influences of body-weight changes, independent of the attained weight, on risk of impaired glucose tolerance and Type 2 diabetes. Diabet Med Med 2005; 22: 1199-1205
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Tounian P. Programming towards childhood obesity. Ann Nutr Metab 2011; 58 (Suppl. 02) 30-41 Epub 2011 Aug 12
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Rurik I, Sandholzer H, Kalabay L. Does the dinamicity of weight gain predict the elements of metabolic syndrome?. Med Sci Monit 2009; 15: CR40-CR44
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Yu-Cheng Lin, Jong-Dar Chen, Pau-Chung Chen. Excessive 5-year weight gain predicts metabolic syndrome development in healthy middle-aged adults. World J Diabetes January 15 2011; 2 (01) 8-15
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Williams PT, Hoffman K, La I. Weight-related increases in hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes risk in normal weight male and female runners. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2007; 27: 1811-1819
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Páll D, Lengyel S, Komonyi E et al. Impaired cerebral vasoreactivity in white coat hypertensive adolescents. Eur J Neurol 2011; 18: 584-589
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Vajó Z, Ács N, Tóth K et al. Cardiovascular risk status and primary prevention in postmenopausal women: the MENOCARD study. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2009; 121: 202-208
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Waters DL, Baumgartner RN, Garry PJ. Sarcopenia: current perspectives. J Nutr Health Aging 2000; 4: 133-139
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Taylor AW, Dal Grande E, Gill TK et al. How valid are self reported height and weight? A comparison between CATI self report and clinic measurements using a large cohort study. Aust N Z J Public Health 2006; 30: 238-246
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Wada K, Tamakoshi K, Tsunekawa T et al. Validity of self-reported height and weight in a Japanese workplace population. Int J Obes (Lond) 2005; 29: 1093-1099
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Yannakoulia M, Panagiotakos DB, Pitsavos C et al. Correlates of BMI misreporting among apparently healthy individuals: the ATTICA study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2006; 14: 894-901
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Rurik I, Ruzsinkó K, Jancsó Z et al. Primary care nutritional counseling for diabetic patients. Ann Nutr Metab 2010; 57: 18-22
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Kalabay L. Primary care research in Hungary. Results and experiences in comparison with Europe. Orv Hetil 2010; 151: 707-713
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Van Royen P, Beyer M, Chevallier P et al. Series: The research agenda for general practice/family medicine and primary health care in Europe. Part 6: reaction on commentaries – how to continue with the Research Agenda?. Eur J Gen Pract 2011; 17: 58-61
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar