Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA): Möglichkeiten und Grenzen

Einleitung

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) ist ein Wurzelkanalreparaturzement, der Anfang der 1990er-Jahre an der Loma Linda Universität (Kalifornien, USA) von Professor M. Torabinejad und Mitarbeitern zur Marktreife entwickelt wurde. Etwa ab dem Jahr 2000 wurde MTA unter dem Namen ProRoot® MTA (Dentsply-Maillefer, Ballaigues, Schweiz) auch auf dem deutschen Markt verfügbar. MTA besteht zu einem Großteil aus modifiziertem, stark erhitztem und fein gemahlenem Portlandzement. Im Herstellungsprozess wird außerdem Gips (beeinflusst das Abbindeverhalten) und Wismutoxid (zur Erzielung eines guten Röntgenkontrasts) beigefügt. Es resultiert ein aus feinen Partikeln bestehender hydrophiler Zement. Eine ausführliche Zusammenfassung zahlreicher Studien, die allein die physikalischen, chemischen und antibakteriellen Eigenschaften von MTA untersucht haben, wurde kürzlich publiziert [1].

Seit seiner Einführung in der Zahnmedizin hat sich dieses Material als Innovation für das Management von endodontischen Problemsituationen erwiesen. Der vorliegende Beitrag soll nach Aufzählung der bemerkenswerten Eigenschaften dieses Dentalzements die Verwendungsmöglichkeiten, aber auch die Grenzen der Anwendung von MTA aufzeigen.

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