ABSTRACT
Reconstructive surgery for complex craniofacial defects challenges even the most experienced
surgeons. Preoperative reconstructive planning requires consideration of both functional
and aesthetic properties of the mandible, orbit, and midface. Technological innovations
allow for computer-assisted preoperative planning, computer-aided manufacturing of
patient-specific implants (PSIs), and computer-assisted intraoperative navigation.
Although many case reports discuss computer-assisted preoperative planning and creation
of custom implants, a general overview of computer-assisted innovations is not readily
available. This article reviews innovations in computer-assisted reconstructive surgery
including anatomic considerations when using PSIs, technologies available for preoperative
planning, work flow and process of obtaining a PSI, and implant materials available
for PSIs. A case example follows illustrating the use of this technology in the reconstruction
of an orbital-frontal-temporal defect with a PSI. Computer-assisted reconstruction
of complex craniofacial defects provides the reconstructive surgeon with innovative
options for challenging reconstructive cases. As technology advances, applications
of computer-assisted reconstruction will continue to expand.
KEYWORDS
Computer-assisted - computer-designed - computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing
- custom implants - patient-specific implants - virtual reconstruction - preoperative
planning - stereolithographic models
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Kelli RudmanM.D.
Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin
9200 West Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53226
Email: krudman@mcw.edu
