Alkohol und Gewalt: Eine aktuelle Übersicht

Zusammenfassung

Gewaltverhalten unter Alkoholeinfluss ist ein lange bekanntes Phänomen und verursacht erhebliches Leiden bei Betroffenen und enorme Kosten für die Gesellschaft. Während frühere Untersuchungen alkoholassoziierte Gewalt primär auf die enthemmende Wirkung von Alkohol zurückführten, belegen neuere wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen eine komplexe Interaktion verschiedener biopsychosozialer Faktoren. Die folgende Übersicht präsentiert unter Einbezug aktueller Studienergebnisse Daten zur Epidemiologie alkoholassoziierter Gewalt und erörtert mögliche beeinflussende Faktoren und Ursachen sowie daraus resultierende therapeutische Implikationen. Basierend auf den Ergebnissen können Risikopopulationen wie Rauschtrinkende, junge Erwachsene und Personen mit Substanzstörungen und komorbiden psychiatrischen Erkrankungen identifiziert werden, welche aufgrund einer häufig hohen Problemlast einer engen Vernetzung medizinischer, psychiatrischer und sozialer Einrichtungen bedürfen.

Abstract

Violent behaviour under the influence of alcohol is a long-known phenomenon and causes great suffering in affected persons and enormous costs for society. While earlier studies considered alcohol-associated violence primarily to be due to alcohol’s disinhibiting effects, recent scientific studies show a complex interaction of various bio-psycho-social factors. Including recent study results, the following review presents current data on the epidemiology of alcohol-associated violence, discusses possible contributing factors and causes, and possible resulting therapeutic implications. Based on these results, populations at risk such as binge drinkers, young adults and individuals with substance use disorders and comorbid psychiatric disorders can be identified, who often display a high burden of problems and therefore need a close network of medical, psychiatric and social services.

Schlüsselwörter

Alkohol - Gewalt - Abhängigkeit - Behandlung - Übersicht - Sucht

Key words

alcohol - violence - addiction - treatment - review - substance abuse

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