Endoskopische Lungenvolumenreduktion – Eine neue Therapieoption bei fortgeschrittener COPD

Die endoskopische Lungenvolumenreduktion stellt neben den medikamentösen und physiotherapeutischen Behandlungsansätzen eine neue Therapieoption bei fortgeschrittener chronisch obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung dar. Mit dem Ziel der Reduktion der Lungenüberblähung wird das Prinzip der chirurgischen Lungenvolumenreduktion imitiert, allerdings birgt die endoskopische Lungenvolumenreduktion ein geringeres peri- und postinterventionelles Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsrisiko. Sowohl beim heterogenen als auch beim homogenen Lungenemphysem stehen mittlerweile viele unterschiedliche endoskopische Methoden zur Verfügung, die sich in ihrem Funktionsprinzip und in ihrer Reversibilität unterscheiden. Dennoch stellt die endoskopische Therapie des Emphysems nur ein symptomlinderndes Behandlungsverfahren dar und verhindert nicht die Progression der chronisch obstruktiven Lungenerkrankung.

In addition to medication and physiotherapy, endoscopic lung volume reduction is a new therapy strategy for advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It imitates the principle of lung volume reduction surgery with the aim of reduction of lung hyperinflation but with less morbidity and mortality. There are different endoscopic methods for lung volume reduction varying in functional principle and in reversibility as well in heterogeneous emphysema as in homogenous emphysema. Nevertheless, endoscopic lung volume reduction is also one symptomatic treatment and does not influence the progression of the chronic disease.

Key words

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - emphysema - endoscopic lung volume reduction - lung volume reduction surgery

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