Garcinia mangostana L. – Ein phytochemisches und pharmakologisches Porträt[*]

Zusammenfassung

Mangostane (auch Mangostan, Mangostin; Carcinia mangostana L, Clusiaceae) hat eine lange Geschichte als Heilpflanze, v.a. in Südostasien. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die Pharmakologie der Pflanze. Traditionell ist Mangostane für ihre entzündungshemmenden Eigenschaften bekannt und wird zur Behandlung von Hautinfektionen und Wunden verwendet. Andere Anwendungsbereiche umfassen die Therapie unterschiedlicher Störungen wie Dysenterie, Erkrankungen der Harnwege, Zystitis und Gonorrhö. Dieser Review-Artikel beleuchtet die Entwicklung der pflanzlichen Droge zu einem weitverbreiteten Nutraceutical. Produkte aus G. mangostana werden heute weltweit vermarktet. Das hat zu einer vermehrten Erforschung ihrer phytochemischen Bestandteile und deren biologischer Wirkungen geführt. Ausführlich vorgestellt werden die biologischen Aktivitäten einzelner Xan-thone sowie Extrakte von G. mangostana. Außerdem wird das Potenzial der Pflanze im Hinblick auf die Entwicklung neuer Wirkstoffe (oder Leitsubstanzen) beleuchtet. Produkte aus den Früchten werden inzwischen verbreitet als flüssige pflanzliche Nahrungsergänzungsmittel verkauft, doch Nachweise über die gesundheitlichen Wirkungen dieser Produkte stehen noch aus. Es fehlen klinische Daten und noch ist unklar, ob die Erkenntnisse über die pharmakologischen Wirkungen auch von klinischer Relevanz sind.

Summary

Garcinia mangostana L: a phytochemical and pharmacological review

Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen, Clusiaceae) has a long history of use as a medi-cal plant, mostly in Southeast Asia. Here we review the phytochemistry and pharma-cology of mangosteen. Traditionally mangosteen is famous for its antiinflammatory properties and is used in the treatment of skin infections and wounds. Other appli-cations include the therapy of various conditions such as dysentery, different urinary disorders, cystitis and gonorrhoea. This review highlights the development of this botanical drug into a widely used nutraceutical. Products derived from G. mangostana are now increasingly employed all over the world. This has given rise to a concomitant increase in research on the phytochemical constituents and biological activity of mangosteen. Central to the biological activity of the species are xanthones. A comprehensive assessment of the biological activities of individual xanthones as well as extracts of G. mangostana is included. In addition, its potential in terms of developing novel drug leads is assessed. Products containing its fruits are now sold widely as ‘liquid botanical Supplements’, but evidence for the health benefits of these products is still lacking. As shown here, a serious weakness in our knowledge is the lack of clinical data and it is not yet clear to what extent the findings about pharmacological activities are of potential clinical relevance.

Schlüsselwörter

Carcinia mangostana L. - Clusiaceae (Guttiferae) - Mangostane - Xanthone - entzündungshemmend - Nutraceutical - Nahrungsergänzungsmittel - traditionelle Medizin - Ethnopharmakologie

Key words

Garcinia mangostana L. - Clusiaceae (Guttiferae) - mangosteen - xanthones - anti-inflammatory - nutraceuticals - traditional medicine - ethnopharmacology

10 Aktualisierte Version eines Artikels von Obolskiy et al. in Phytotherapy Research 2009; 27: 1047-1065, mit vollständiger Literaturliste.

10 Aktualisierte Version eines Artikels von Obolskiy et al. in Phytotherapy Research 2009; 27: 1047-1065, mit vollständiger Literaturliste.

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Online

http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/S-0030-1247648