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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245690
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography in acute liver failure: necrosis mimics cirrhosis
Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) Elastographie bei akutem LeberversagenPublication History
manuscript received: 18.5.2010
manuscript accepted: 15.8.2010
Publication Date:
07 April 2011 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse (ARFI) ist ein neues Ultraschallverfahren zur nicht invasiven Abschätzung der Leberfibrose. Hierbei werden im Gewebe Scherwellen induziert, deren Geschwindigkeit in Relation zur Gewebesteifigkeit steht. ARFI kann eine fortgeschrittene Leberfibrose bei chronischen Lebererkrankungen detektieren. Die Spezifität des Verfahrens wird jedoch durch Entzündungsprozesse, Ödembildung und Cholestase beeinträchtigt. Bei Patienten mit akutem Leberversagen und Indikation zur Lebertransplantation ist die Methode bisher nicht evaluiert. Wir berichten über 3 Patienten mit akutem Leberversagen, deren ARFI-Resultate mit gesunden Probanden (n = 33) und Patienten mit Leberzirrhose (n = 21) verglichen wurden. Die ARFI-Ergebnisse der 3 Patienten mit Leberversagen betrugen 3,0, 2,5 und 2,7 m/s. Sie waren signifikant gegenüber den Messwerten bei gesunden Probanden (Median: 1,13 m/s; p < 0,001) erhöht und vergleichbar mit Patienten mit Leberzirrhose (Median: 2,93 m/s). Zwei Patienten wurden Leber-transplantiert. Die Explantate zeigten ausgeprägte Nekrosen, aber keine Anzeichen einer fortgeschrittenen Leberfibrose. Bei dem 3. Patienten war keine Lebertransplantation erforderlich. Wiederholte ARFI-Messungen ergaben rückläufige ARFI-Messwerte im Verlauf. Die ARFI-Technologie kann nicht zuverlässig zwischen akuten Nekrosen und einer fortgeschrittenen Fibrose unterscheiden und ist daher bei einem akuten Leberversagen in ihrer Aussage limitiert.
Abstract
Acoustic radiation force Impulse (ARFI) technology correlates shear-wave velocity with fibrosis. It can differentiate between advanced fibrosis and normal tissue in chronic liver disease. However, specificity is impaired by cholestasis, inflammation or oedema in acute hepatitis. In patients with acute liver failure (ALF) necessitating liver transplantation ARFI has not been evaluated yet. We investigated 3 patients with ALF and compared their ARFI results to those of healthy controls (n = 33) and cases with liver cirrhosis (n = 21). In the 3 ALF patients shear-wave velocities were 3.0, 2.5, and 2.7 m/s, respectively. These results were significantly increased compared to those of healthy controls (median: 1.13 m/s; p < 0.001) and similar to those of cirrhotic individuals (median: 2.93 m/s). Two individuals underwent liver transplantation. Explants showed massive necrosis, but no signs of chronic liver disease. Patient 3 recovered spontaneously and showed decreasing ARFI results during follow-up. In conclusion, hepatic necrosis can mimic liver cirrhosis at ARFI evaluation in ALF patients and this impairs the specificity of ARFI.
Schlüsselwörter
Gewebesteifigkeit - Phenprocoumon - transiente Elastographie - Ultraschall
Key words
liver stiffness - phenprocoumon - transient elastography - ultrasonography
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1 Wiegand et al., Z Gastroenterol 2009; 47: P425.
Dr. Johannes Wiegand, M. D.
Dept. of Gastroenterology, University of Leipzig
Liebigstr. 20
04103 Leipzig
Phone: ++ 49/3 41/9 71 22 00
Fax: ++ 49/3 41/9 71 22 09
Email: johannes.wiegand@medizin.uni-leipzig.de