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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245446
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Visus nach Descemet-Membran Endothelkeratoplastik (DMEK): Ergebnisse der ersten 100 Eingriffe bei Fuchs’scher Endotheldystrophie
Visual Acuity Following Descemet-Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK): First 100 Cases Operated on for Fuchs Endothelial DystrophyPublication History
Eingegangen: 18.11.2009
Angenommen: 23.4.2010
Publication Date:
17 June 2010 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Evaluation der Visusergebnisse und Endothelzelldichte der ersten 100 Augen nach Descemet-Membran-Endothelkeratoplastik (DMEK) zur Behandlung einer Fuchs’schen Endotheldystrophie. Design: Nicht randomisierte, prospektive klinische Studie. Methoden: Es wurden die ersten 100 konsekutiven Augen (87 Patienten) evaluiert, bei denen eine DMEK (d. h. die Transplantation einer isolierten Spender-Descemet-Membran samt Endothel) durchgeführt wurde. Bei allen Augen wurden der bestkorrigierte Snellen-Visus und die Endothelzelldichte im 1., 3. und 6. postoperativen Monat dokumentiert. Ergebnisse: Augen mit einem funktionstüchtigen Transplantat und ohne zusätzliche Pathologien (n = 78) erreichten eine Sehschärfe von ≥ 0,5 bei 79 % nach einem Monat, 94 % nach 3 Monaten und 96 % nach 6 Monaten; einen Visus von ≥ 0,8 bei 54, 64 bzw. 74 % und einen Visus von ≥ 1,0 bei 26, 36 bzw. 45 %. Die Endothelzelldichte betrug präoperativ durchschnittlich 2630 (± 190) Zellen/mm2 und im 6. postoperativen Monat durchschnittlich 1800 (± 540) Zellen/mm2 (n = 76). Bei 15 Augen wurde eine sekundäre „Descemet Stripping Endothelkeratoplastik” (DSEK) durchgeführt. In der DMEK/DSEK-Gesamtgruppe erreichten 91 % einen Visus von ≥ 0,5, 65 % einen Visus von ≥ 0,8 und 38 % einen Visus von ≥ 1,0 (n = 93). In der Gesamtgruppe betrug die Endothelzelldichte präoperativ durchschnittlich 2620 (± 190) Zellen/mm2 und im 6. postoperativen Monat durchschnittlich 1730 (± 590) Zellen/mm2 (n = 89). Schlussfolgerung: Die DMEK erlaubt eine schnelle und fast komplette visuelle Rehabilitation in der Mehrzahl der wegen Fuchs’scher Endotheldystrophie operierten Augen. Die postoperative Endothelzelldichte scheint mindestens vergleichbar mit früheren Formen von Endothelkeratoplastik zu sein. Transplantatablösung war die bedeutendste Komplikation (19 Fälle) in dieser ersten Serie von DMEK-Operationen.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the visual outcome and endothelial cell density in the first series of 100 eyes after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) for the treatment of Fuchs endothelial dystrophy. Design: This was a non-randomised prospective clinical trial. Methods: The first 100 consecutive eyes (87 patients) that underwent DMEK (i. e., transplantation of an isolated donor Descemet membrane carrying its endothelium) for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy were evaluated. In all eyes, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) as well as the endothelial cell density (ECD) were measured before and at one, three and six months after surgery. Results: In eyes with a functional DMEK graft and good visual potential (n = 78), the BCVA was ≥ 20 / 40 (≥ 0.5) in 79 % after 1 month, 94 % after 3 months, and 96 % after six months; ≥ 20 / 25 (≥ 0.8) in respectively 54 %, 64 %, and 74 %, and ≥ 20 / 20 (≥ 1.0) in respectively 26 %, 36 %, and 45 %. In this group, ECD averaged 2630 (± 190) cells/mm2 before, and 1800 (± 540) cells/mm2 at six months after surgery (n = 76). In 15 eyes, a secondary ”Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty” (DSEK) was performed. When the outcomes of DMEK and secondary DSEK procedures were combined, 91 % reached a BCVA of ≥ 20 / 40 (≥ 0.5), 65 % ≥ 20 / 25 (≥ 0.8) and 38 % ≥ 20 / 25 (≥ 1.0) at six months after surgery (n = 93). For the whole group, ECD averaged 2620 (± 190) cells/mm2 before, and 1730 (± 590) cells/mm2 at six months after surgery (n = 89).Conclusion: DMEK may provide relatively quick and nearly complete visual rehabilitation in a majority of patients operated on for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy. Endothelial cell survival may be similar to earlier types of endothelial keratoplasty. Early graft detachment (19 cases) was the main complication in this first series of DMEK surgeries.
Schlüsselwörter
Kornea - refraktive Chirurgie - physiologische Optik
Key words
cornea - refractive surgery - physiological optics
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Dr. Gerrit Melles
NIIOS, Niederländisches Institut für Innovative Augenchirurgie
Laan op Zuid 8
3071AA Rotterdam
Niederlande
Phone: ++ 31/10/2 97 44 44
Fax: ++ 31/10/2 97 44 40
Email: melles@niios.com