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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1245219
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Combined Meropenem and Linezolid as a Systemic Treatment for Postoperative Endophthalmitis
Systemische Kombinationstherapie mit Meropenem und Linezolid zur Behandlung von postoperativen EndophthalmitidenPublication History
received: 18.9.2009
accepted: 18.12.2009
Publication Date:
20 April 2010 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Evaluierung einer systemischen Kombinationstherapie mit Meropenem und Linezolid zur Behandlung von postoperativen Endophthalmitiden. Methoden: Retrospektive Analyse der Endophthalmitistherapie mit systemischem Meropenem und Linezolid verglichen mit konventioneller Antibiotikatherapie zur Beurteilung von Therapieerfolg und Nebenwirkungen. Ergebnisse: 26 Patienten mit unilateraler postoperativer Endophthalmitis mit einer systemischen Kombinationstherapie aus Meropenem (2 g 3 × /Tag, durchschnittliche Therapiedauer von 5,5 Tagen) und Linezolid (600 mg 2 × /Tag, durchschnittliche Therapiedauer von 8,9 Tagen) (Gruppe 1, Nachbeobachtungszeit 140 Tage) wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen und mit 45 Patienten verglichen, welche bei postoperativer Endophthalmitis mit konventionellen Antibiotika behandelt wurden (Gruppe 2, Nachbeobachtungszeit 320 Tage). In Gruppe 1 erhielten 69,2 % der Augen zusätzlich intravitreal Amikazin und Vancomycin (vs. 24,4 % in Gruppe 2; p < 0,001), bei 92,3 % der Augen wurde eine Vitrektomie durchgeführt (vs. 68,9 % in Gruppe 2; p = 0,047). Von der Erstuntersuchung bis zum Ende der Nachbeobachtungszeit verbesserte sich der Visus in Gruppe 1 von 1,76 auf 0,91 logMar (p = 0,0001) und in Gruppe 2 von 1,83 auf 0,90 logMar (p < 0,0001), ohne signifikanten Unterschied zwischen beiden Gruppen (p > 0,05). Okuläre Komplikationen wurden in 34,6 % der Augen in Gruppe 1 gefunden (vs. 37,8 % in Gruppe 2; p > 0,05). Nebenwirkungen ereigneten sich signifikant häufiger in Gruppe 1 (26,9 % vs. 4,4 % in Gruppe 2; p = 0,02). Schlussfolgerung: Trotz der bekannten besseren Penetration durch die Blut-Augen-Schranke und des breiteren antibakteriellen Spektrums von Meropenem und Linezolid wurde in der vorliegenden Studie kein Vorteil im Endresultat, jedoch deutlich höhere Kosten und eine höhere Nebenwirkungsrate mit dieser Kombinationstherapie gefunden.
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibiotic treatment of postoperative endophthalmitis with combined systemic meropenem and linezolid. Methods: A retrospective analysis of endophthalmitis treated with systemic meropenem and linezolid compared to conventional systemic antibiotics by evaluation of outcome and adverse effects was carried out. Results: 26 patients with unilateral postoperative endophthalmitis with a systemic combination regimen of meropenem (2 g TID, mean duration of treatment 5.5 days) and linezolid (600 mg BID, mean duration of treatment 8.9 days) (group 1, mean follow-up time 140 days) were included in this study and compared to 45 postoperative endophthalmitis patients treated with conventional systemic antibiotics (group 2; mean follow-up time 320 days). In group 1, 69.2 % of eyes additionally received intravitreal amikacin and vancomycin (vs. 24.4 % in group 2; p < 0.001), in 92.3 % pars plana vitrectomy was performed (vs. 68.9 % in group 2, p = 0.047). Mean best corrected visual acuity improved from a baseline of 1.76 logMar for group 1 and 1.83 logMar for group 2 to 0.91 logMar (p = 0.0001) and 0.90 logMar (p < 0.0001), respectively, at the end of the follow-up, revealing no significant differences between the two groups at any time point (p > 0.05). Ocular complications were observed in 34.6 % of eyes in group 1 (vs. 37.8 % in group 2; p > 0.05). Adverse drug effects occurred significantly more frequently in group 1 (26.9 % vs. 4.4 % p = 0.02). Conclusion: In spite of the reported better penetration through the blood-ocular barrier and the broader antibacterial spectrum of meropenem and linezolid, no benefit in outcome was found in the present study. In contrast, adverse effects and costs of the combination regimen were significantly higher.
Schlüsselwörter
Endophthalmitis - Outcome - Meropenem - Linezolid - systemische Antibiotikatherapie
Key words
endophthalmitis - outcome - meropenem - linezolid - systemic antibiotic treatment
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Christoph Tappeiner, MD
Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, University Hospital
3010 Bern, Switzerland
Phone: ++ 41/31 632 25 01
Fax: ++ 41/31 382 47 79
Email: christoph.tappeiner@insel.ch