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DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1109824
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Differenzialdiagnosen zu neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen im jungen Erwachsenenalter
Differential Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders in Young AdultsPublication History
Publication Date:
03 November 2009 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen sind relativ häufig und treten meist im höheren Lebensalter auf. Im jungen Erwachsenenalter gibt es zwar insgesamt selten eine Neurodegeneration, aber dafür häufiger genetische oder metabolische Ursachen eines klinisch auf den ersten Blick degenerativ wirkenden Krankheitsbildes. In der folgenden Übersicht stellen wir den Fall einer subakut sklerosierenden Panenzephalitis (SSPE) und einer Neurodegeneration „with Brain Iron Accumulation” (NBIA) vor. Die wichtigsten Differenzialdiagnosen werden anhand von Leitsymptomen; Diagnostik und Therapieoptionen vorgestellt.
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are relatively common and usually occur in older patients. In young adulthood, neurodegeneration is less common and more frequent due to underlying inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) that typically have a wide range of clinical presentations. In the following overview, we present a case of SSPE and NBIA. The main differential diagnoses, cardinal symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options of neurodegenerative-like disesase in young adults are presented.
Schlüsselwörter
Genetik - Metabolismus - Angeborene Erkrankung
Key words
genetics - metabolism - inborn errors
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1 In der Literatur wird von den NBIA als eine Gruppe von Erkrankungen gesprochen. Darunter zählen u. a. genetische Ursachen wie die pantothenat-kinase-assoziierten Neurodegenerationen (PKAN), die mindestens 50 % der NBIA ausmachen. Der frühere Name Morbus Hallervorden-Spatz ist in Lehrbüchern noch weit verbreitet, sollte aber wegen unethischer Aktivitäten der Erstbeschreiber während der Euthanasie im dritten Reich nicht mehr verwendet werden [7].
Prof. Dr. Markus Weih, MME, (Bern)
Psychiatrische und Psychotherapeutische Klinik Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
Schwabachanlage 6
91054 Erlangen
Email: markus.weih@uk-erlangen.de