Problematische Mediennutzung in der Adoleszenz – Dark Patterns und mediale Bindungsfaktoren

Zusammenfassung

Digitale-Medien-Nutzungsstörungen (DMNS) im Kindes- und Jugendalter stellen in der heutigen mediatisierten Gesellschaft, insbesondere nach der COVID-19-Pandemie, ein ernstzunehmendes Gesundheitsproblem dar. In der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von DMNS bestehen viele Parallelen zu Substanzgebrauchsstörungen. Neben individuellen und sozialen Risikofaktoren rückt zunehmend auch die Rolle von suchtfördernden Mechanismen in digitalen Medien in der Entstehung von DMNS in den öffentlichen Diskurs. Mit dem Ziel Nutzungsintensität und –frequenz zu erhöhen, bedienen sich Plattform- und Spieleanbieter manipulativer Designelemente zur Verstärkung der Nutzungsbindung, die Jugendlichen ein selbstbestimmtes Nutzungsverhalten erschweren. In dieser narrativen Übersicht wird neben einer kurzen Übersicht zu Epidemiologie und Diagnostik der DMNS schwerpunktmäßig auf die Rolle von sog. Dark Patterns in digitalen Medien in der Suchtentstehung eingegangen sowie Implikationen für die Suchtprävention diskutiert.

Abstract

Digital Media Use Disorders (DMUD) among youth have emerged as serious public health concern in today’s mediatised society, particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic. There are many parallels to substance use disorders in the development and maintenance of DMUD. Next to individual and social risk factors, the role of addictive features of digital media in DMUD is an increasingly prominent subject within public discourse. How do specific structural features of video games and social media platforms make it more difficult for young users from engaging with digital media in a self-directed manner? This narrative review provides a brief overview of DMUD epidemiology and diagnosis, with a primary focus on exploring the role of Dark Patterns in the development of DMUD and its implications for prevention efforts.

Schlüsselwörter

Computerspielstörung - Soziale-Netzwerke-Nutzungsstörung - Dark Patterns - Adoleszenz - Verhaltenssüchte

Keywords

Gaming Disorder - Social Media Use Disorder - Dark Patterns - Adolescence - Behavioural Addictions

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
10. Februar 2025

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