Der Stellenwert funktioneller Outcome-Parameter des afferent visuellen Systems bei neuroinflammatorischen Erkrankungen

Zusammenfassung

Störungen des afferenten visuellen Systems sind seit Langem bei diversen neurologischen Erkrankungen beschrieben. Somit ist auch die Untersuchung des visuellen Systems ein wesentlicher Aspekt der neurologischen Untersuchung. Neben der strukturellen Darstellung der Sehbahn, z. B. mittels der Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) oder der Optischen Kohärenztomografie (OCT), bieten funktionelle Parameter schnell und gut zugängliche Informationen über die Integrität und Funktionalität des visuellen Systems. Zusätzlich zur fokussierten Untersuchung und Differentialdiagnostik klinischer Sehstörungen, bieten diese Parameter auch die Möglichkeit, subklinische Prozesse zu erfassen und damit frühzeitige therapeutische Interventionen zu ermöglichen. Dieser Artikel gibt eine Übersicht über funktionelle Parameter des afferenten visuellen Systems und demonstriert deren klinische Relevanz beispielhaft anhand von neuroimmunologischen Erkrankungen, wie Multipler Sklerose (MS) und Neuromyelitis Optica Spektrum Erkrankungen (NMOSD).

Abstract

The visual system is highly affected in various neurological diseases. Therefore, afferent visual systems assessments are a crucial part of the neurological examination. Besides the structural depiction of the visual pathway, e. g., by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or optical coherence tomography (OCT), functional parameters offer easily and instantly accessible information about the integrity and functionality of the visual system. In addition to its role in the detailed symptom assessment process and in differential diagnostics, these parameters also offer the opportunity to measure subclinical processes, thus enabling initiation of early therapeutic interventions. This article reviews functional parameters of the visual system and illustrates their clinical relevance employing multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) as examples.

Schlüsselwörter

Neurologie - Visuelles System - Funktionelle Parameter

Keywords

neurology - visual system - functional parameter

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
09. September 2024

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