Frühe allergische Sensibilisierung – frühe Allergen-Immuntherapie?

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Allergische Sensibilisierungen gegen Atemwegsallergene treten häufig bereits im jungen Kleinkindalter auf und bleiben im Verlauf meist bestehen. Damit verbunden ist ein erhöhtes Risiko für die Manifestation eines Asthma bronchiale. Die Allergen-Immuntherapie ist die einzige kausale Therapieform bei Allergien. Für die Anwendung im Kleinkindalter existieren bislang nur wenige Studien, die darauf hinweisen, dass sowohl die sublinguale als auch die subkutane Allergen-Immuntherapie eine sichere Behandlungsform darstellen und Kleinkinder möglicherweise besser auf eine Allergen-Immuntherapie reagieren als andere. Weitere Studien zur Sicherheit, Wirksamkeit, zum präventiven Effekt und zur Toleranz sowie Adhärenz der Allergen-Immuntherapie im Kleinkindalter sind notwendig.

ABSTRACT

Allergic sensitization to respiratory allergens often occurs in early childhood and usually persists over time. This is associated with an increased risk for bronchial asthma. Allergen immunotherapy is the only causal form of therapy for allergies. For use in infants, there are only a few studies to date that indicate that both sublingual and subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy are a safe form of treatment and that infants may respond better to allergen immunotherapy than others. Further studies on the safety, efficacy, preventive effect, tolerance and adherence of allergen immunotherapy in infants are needed.

Schlüsselwörter

Allergen-Immuntherapie - Kleinkindalter - Allergie - Asthma - allergische Rhinitis

Keywords

Allergene immunotherapy - preschool asthma - allergy - asthma - allergic rhinitis

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