Innovative Ausbildungstechniken für Wirbelsäulenchirurg*innen

Zusammenfassung

Neue technologische Entwicklungen wie die Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality (MR) sowie hochentwickelte Simulatoren spielen eine zentrale Rolle bei der Transformation traditioneller Lernmethoden. Diese Technologien ermöglichen es, chirurgische Techniken und anatomisches Wissen in immersiven, kontrollierten Umgebungen zu erlernen, wodurch Lernende ihre Fähigkeiten risikofrei verbessern können. Gleichzeitig bieten sie Lösungen für die eingeschränkten praktischen Ausbildungsmöglichkeiten, die durch Arbeitszeitregelungen, Personalmangel und begrenzte OP-Zeiten entstanden sind.

AR ermöglicht es, digitale Informationen in Echtzeit über physische Modelle einzublenden, was ein tieferes Verständnis anatomischer Strukturen ermöglicht. VR schafft immersive, computergenerierte Umgebungen, in denen chirurgische Eingriffe realitätsnah simuliert werden können, während MR digitale und reale Welten verbindet und eine interaktive Lernumgebung schafft. Roboterassistierte Systeme und haptische Feedback-Simulatoren verstärken das Gefühl der realen Interaktion mit chirurgischen Werkzeugen. Besonders hervorzuheben ist der Einsatz von Simulatoren, die präzise chirurgische Szenarien nachstellen und leicht verfügbar sind. Diese Simulatoren erlauben es, komplexe mikrochirugische Eingriffe wie Sequestrektomien zu üben und realitätsnahe Bedingungen zu simulieren, was die Ausbildungsqualität deutlich steigert.

Die Kombination dieser Technologien hat das Potential die chirurgische Ausbildung nachhaltig zu verbessern, indem sie Lernenden mehr Flexibilität und Eigenverantwortung ermöglicht. Die Kliniken stehen vor der Aufgabe diese Technologien standardisiert in Skills-Labs oder in strukturierte Kurse zu integrieren und zu finanzieren.

Abstract

Emerging technological developments such as Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality (MR), and advanced simulators are playing a pivotal role in transforming traditional learning methods in neurosurgical education. These technologies enable the acquisition of surgical techniques and anatomical knowledge within immersive, controlled environments, allowing trainees to enhance their skills without risk. Concurrently, they address the limitations of practical training opportunities caused by work-hour regulations, staffing shortages, and restricted operating room availability.

AR facilitates the real-time overlay of digital information onto physical models, deepening the understanding of anatomical structures. VR creates immersive, computer-generated environments where surgical procedures can be realistically simulated, while MR integrates digital and real worlds to establish interactive learning settings. Robot-assisted systems and haptic feedback simulators enhance the tactile sensation of interacting with surgical instruments. Notably, the use of readily available simulators that accurately replicate surgical scenarios permits the rehearsal of complex microsurgical procedures, such as sequestrectomies, under realistic conditions, thereby significantly improving the quality of training.

The integration of these technologies holds the potential to sustainably advance surgical education by providing learners with greater flexibility and autonomy. It is incumbent upon clinical institutions to standardize the incorporation and funding of these technologies into skills labs or structured courses to optimize training outcomes.

Schlüsselwörter

simulationsbasiertes Training - neurochirurgische Ausbildung - virtual reality training - Technikerwerb - Weiterentwicklung technischer Fähigkeiten

Keywords

simulation-based education - neurosurgical residency - virtual reality training - technical skill acquisition - resident skill development

Publication History

Article published online:
07 April 2025

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