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Flugmedizin · Tropenmedizin · Reisemedizin - FTR 2023; 30(05): 233-244
DOI: 10.1055/a-2160-3024
DOI: 10.1055/a-2160-3024
Tropenmedizin
Klimawandel und vektorübertragene Infektionen in EuropaTeil 1: Überblick und mückenübertragene Infektionen
Climate change and vector-borne infections in EuropePart 1: Overview and mosquito borne infections
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Der Klimawandel, globale Umweltveränderungen und die Globalisierung führen weltweit aufgrund von Veränderungen der Verbreitungsgebiete, vermehrten Spillover-Ereignissen und einem gesteigerten Übertragungsrisiko zu einer Zunahme mancher Infektionskrankheiten. Besonders vektorübertragene Krankheiten sind betroffen, da sich Vektor- und Wirtspopulationen den sich ändernden Bedingungen anpassen. Steigende Temperaturen und eine Zunahme der Luftfeuchtigkeit begünstigen vielfach die Vermehrung von u. a. Zecken und Mücken, was das Risiko für Dengue-, Zika-, West-Nil- und Chikungunya-Virus-Infektionen sowie Borreliose und Frühsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME) in Europa erhöht. Auch Sandmücken, die Leishmaniose übertragen, breiten sich verstärkt in Mittelmeerländern aus. Angesichts des wachsenden Infektionsrisikos verschiedener Erkrankungen sind verstärkte Maßnahmen zur Prävention und Überwachung von vektorübertragenen Infektionskrankheiten in Europa geboten.
ABSTRACT
Climate change, global environmental changes and globalisation are leading to an increase in some infectious diseases due to changes in the geographic distribution of pathogens, increased spillover events, and resulting higher transmission risk for some infectious diseases. Some vector-borne diseases are particularly affected, as vector and host populations may adapt to changing environmental conditions. Rising temperatures and an increased air humidity promote the proliferation of e. g. ticks and mosquitoes, increasing in some regions the risk of Dengue, Zika, West Nile and Chikungunya virus infection, Lyme disease, and Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Europe. Sandflies, which transmit leishmaniasis, are also expanding their presence in several Mediterranean countries. Given this increasing risk for transmission of various infectious diseases, enhanced measures for the prevention and surveillance of these vector-borne infectious diseases are essential in Europe.
Publication History
Article published online:
06 October 2023
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