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Horm Metab Res 2023; 55(04): 273-283
DOI: 10.1055/a-2024-0708
Original Article: Endocrine Care

Serum Progesterone is Negatively Associated with Hypertension and Blood Pressure Indicators Among Men and Postmenopausal Women

Jiayu Shi    #
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Dandan Wei    #
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Lulu Wang
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Qingqing Xu
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Juan Wang
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Cuicui Ma
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Jintian Geng
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Mengzhen Zhao
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Wenqian Huo
2   Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Li Linlin
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Chongjian Wang
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
,
Caini Fan
3   Department of Hypertension, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
,
Zhenxing Mao
1   Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
› Author Affiliations Funding Information The Scientific and Technological Innovation of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province Talent Support Program — 22HASTIT044; the National Natural Science Foundation of China — 42177415; the Young Backbone Teachers Program of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province — 2021GGJS015; the National Key Research and Development Program of China — 2019YFC1710002; the Excellent Youth Development Foundation of Zhengzhou University — 2021ZDGGJS057; the Science and Technique Foundation of Henan Province — 212102310074; the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China — 2020T130604
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Abstract

Sex hormones have been shown to be negatively associated with hypertension, but the relationship between serum progesterone levels and hypertension has not been adequately studied. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association between progesterone and hypertension among Chinese rural adults. A total of 6222 participants were recruited, which included 2577 men and 3645 women. The concentration of serum progesterone was detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer system (LC-MS/MS). Logistic regression and linear regression were used to assess the associations between progesterone levels and hypertension and blood pressure related indicators, respectively. Constrained splines were used to fit the dose-response relationships of progesterone with hypertension and blood pressure related indicators. Moreover, the interactive effects of several lifestyle factors and progesterone were identified by a generalized linear model. After fully adjusting the variables, progesterone levels were inversely associated with hypertension in men [odds ratio (OR): 0.851, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.752, 0.964]. Among men, a 2.738 ng/ml increase in progesterone was associated with a 0.557 mmHg decrease in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (95% CI: –1.007, –0.107) and a 0.541 mmHg decrease in mean arterial pressure (MAP) (95% CI: –1.049, –0.034), respectively. Similar results were observed in postmenopausal women. Interactive effect analysis showed that only a significant interaction was observed between progesterone and educational attainment on hypertension in premenopausal women (p=0.024). Elevated levels of serum progesterone were associated with hypertension in men. Except for premenopausal women, a negative association of progesterone with blood pressure related indicators was observed.

Key words

progesterone - hypertension - blood pressure - cohort

 # These authors contributed equally and share first authorship


Supplementary Material



Publication History

Received: 23 August 2022

Accepted after revision: 23 January 2023

Article published online:
27 February 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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