Evaluating the Impact of Health Care Data Completeness for Deep Generative Models

Benjamin Smith; Senne Van Steelandt; Anahita Khojandi

doi:10.1055/a-2023-9181

Methods of Information in Medicine, Table of Contents

Methods Inf Med 2023; 62(01/02): 031-039
DOI: 10.1055/a-2023-9181

Original Article for Focus Theme

Evaluating the Impact of Health Care Data Completeness for Deep Generative Models

Benjamin Smith‡^*

¹Bredesen Center, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

,

Senne Van Steelandt‡^*

²Department of Business Analytics and Statistics, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

,

Anahita Khojandi

³Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Background Deep generative models (DGMs) present a promising avenue for generating realistic, synthetic data to augment existing health care datasets. However, exactly how the completeness of the original dataset affects the quality of the generated synthetic data is unclear.

Objectives In this paper, we investigate the effect of data completeness on samples generated by the most common DGM paradigms.

Methods We create both cross-sectional and panel datasets with varying missingness and subset rates and train generative adversarial networks, variational autoencoders, and autoregressive models (Transformers) on these datasets. We then compare the distributions of generated data with original training data to measure similarity.

Results We find that increased incompleteness is directly correlated with increased dissimilarity between original and generated samples produced through DGMs.

Conclusions Care must be taken when using DGMs to generate synthetic data as data completeness issues can affect the quality of generated data in both panel and cross-sectional datasets.

Keywords

data quality - data completeness - case completeness - missingness - deep generative models

Full Text

References

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