Impact of Overnight Wear of Orthokeratology Lens on Thickness of Tear Film Lipid Layer in Children with Myopia

Abstract

Background To elucidate the influence of overnight wear of orthokeratology (OOK) lenses on the thickness of the tear lipid layer (LLT).

Methods We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of children who visited The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC between July and September 2021. LLT and blinking dynamics were assessed. Diopters and corneal topography were also recorded.

Results The number of children enrolled in this program was 402 (804 eyes). One hundred and seventy-one children (342 eyes, 79 males and 92 females) aged 4 – 17 years (10.59 ± 2.54 years) who never wore OOK were included in the control group, while 231 children (462 eyes, 121 males and 110 females) aged 7 – 18 years (11.09 ± 2.24 years) who wore OOK for more than 1 week were included in the observation group. Compared to the control group with an LLT of 58.5 ± 18.19 nm, the OOK group exhibited a significant decrease in the LLT value to 54.42 ± 17.60 nm. In addition, the LLT in females was significantly thicker than that in males in both the control (male 54.78 ± 16.56 nm, female 61.70 ± 18.95 nm) and observation groups (male 51.88 ± 16.68 nm, female 57.21 ± 18.18 nm). It is worth noting that the influence of wearing OOK on the LLT value was only detected up to 18 months. Eighteen months later, there was almost no difference in LLT between the control and observation groups. We also noted that there was no change in LLT correlated to the surface regularity index/surface asymmetry index.

Conclusion Wearing OOK can affect tear film LLT within the first 18 months after wear. More attention should be given to children wearing OOK for less than 18 months, especially males.

Zusammenfassung

Zweck Zur Aufklärung des Einflusses der nächtlichen Orthokeratologie (OOK), des Linsentragens auf die Tränenfilm-Lipidschichtdicke (LLT).

Methoden Wir führten bei Kindern eine retrospektive Querschnittsstudie durch, die das First Affiliated Hospital der USTC zwischen Juli und September 2021 besuchten. Die LLT und Blinkdynamik wurden bewertet. Diopter und Hornhauttopografie wurden ebenfalls aufgezeichnet.

Ergebnisse Die Anzahl der in dieser Studie eingeschlossenen Kinder betrug 402 (804 Augen). 171 Kinder (342 Augen, 79 Jungen und 92 Mädchen) im Alter von 4 – 17 Jahren (10,59 ± 2,54 Jahre), die nie OOK trugen, wurden in die Kontrollgruppe aufgenommen. 231 Kinder (462 Augen, 121 Jungen und 110 Mädchen) im Alter von 7 – 18 Jahren (11,09 ± 2,24 Jahre) trugen OOK länger als 1 Woche und wurden in die Beobachtungsgruppe aufgenommen. Im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe mit einem LLT von 58,5 ± 18,19 nm zeigte die OOK-Gruppe einen signifikanten Rückgang des LLT-Wertes auf 54,42 ± 17,60 nm. Darüber hinaus war die LLT bei den Mädchen signifikant dicker als bei den Jungen, unabhängig von der Kontrollgruppe (männlich 54,78 ± 16,56 nm, weiblich 61,70 ± 18,95 nm) oder in der Beobachtungsgruppe (männlich 51,88 ± 16,68 nm, weiblich 57,21 ± 18,18 nm). Es ist erwähnenswert, dass der Einfluss des OOK-Tragens auf den LLT-Wert nur bis zu 18 Monate wirkt. Nach 18 Monaten wurde kein Unterschied der LLT zwischen der Kontroll- und Beobachtungsgruppe mehr gesehen. Wir stellten auch fest, dass es keine Veränderung der LLT gab, die mit der SRI/SAI korrelierte.

Fazit Das Tragen von OOK kann den Tränenfilm und den LLT-Wert innerhalb der ersten 18 Monate beeinflussen. Kinder, besonders Jungen, die weniger als 18 Monate OOK tragen, sollten regelmäßig kontrolliert werden.

Conclusion Box

What we already know:

• OOK lens wearing may impact the tear film. The lipid layer is also an important part of the tear film, although it was of less concern.

New findings:

• OOK wearing can affect the tear film LLT value within the first 18 months after wear. More attention should be given to children wearing OOK for less than 18 months, especially males. Age, diopter, and SRI/SAI were not related to LLT changes.

Key words

tear film - lipid layer thickness - overnight orthokeratology - myopia

Schlüsselwörter

Tränenfilm - Lipidschichtdicke - Orthokeratologie über Nacht - Kurzsichtigkeit

Publication History

Received: 05 May 2022

Accepted: 19 July 2022

Accepted Manuscript online:
20 July 2022

Article published online:
09 September 2022

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