ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
Jahrhundertelang kannten die Menschen 5 Sinne. Sie waren lokalisierbar und z. T. abschaltbar.
Den 6. Sinn, den statischen oder Gleichgewichtssinn fand man erst im 19. Jahrhundert
mit dem Einsatz neurophysiologischer Methoden. Damit konnten die Bogengänge im Innenohr,
die schon seit Galen und vor allem durch die Schule von Vesalius in Padua bekannt
waren, richtig zugeordnet werden. Nach der Entdeckung des 6. Sinnes wurden Stimulations-
und Registriermethoden entwickelt.
ABSTRACT
We have 6 senses, seeing, hearing, feeling, smelling, tasting and the vestibular or
static sense. 5 of them can be located and most of them can be blocked. Therefore,
these senses are known to mankind since centuries. The vestibular sense cannot be
blocked, not be located and we feel its action only in cases of intensive stimulation
and in cases of a mismatch especially on ships in heavy water. The tiny canals in
the inner ear were described very early by Galen in Rome (about 130–200 AC), who first
called the inner ear “labyrinth”. They were measured exactly by Fallopio and Casserio
in the anatomical school of Vesalius in Padua. The function of the semicircular canals
was thought to be responsible for the detection of the direction of sound. It took
very long until the static function was found 1824 by Flourens in Paris who cut the
vestibular nerve in pigeons and saw them tilting to the operated side. But it took
around 50 years until Friedrich Goltz 1870 stated that the structures in the inner
ear (except the cochlea) together with their nerves are the 6th sense.
Schlüsselwörter
6. Sinn - Gleichgewichtssinn - Gleichgewichtsorgan - Geschichte Innenohr - Flourens
- Goltz - Breuer - Barany
Key words
6th sense - vestibular system - vestibular organ - history - Flourens - Goltz - Breuer
- Barany
