Umgang mit Todeswünschen in der Palliativversorgung – Evaluation eines Schulungsprogramms

Zusammenfassung

Ziel der Studie Mitarbeitende der Palliativversorgung werden oft mit Todeswünschen von Patient*innen konfrontiert und berichten Unsicherheiten im Umgang damit. Daher wurden Schulungen zum Thema durchgeführt und evaluiert.

Methodik Teilnehmende der zweitägigen Schulungen beantworteten davor (t0), danach (t1) und 1 Jahr später (t2) Fragen zu ihrem Umgang mit Todeswünschen, zu t1 außerdem Fragen zur Schulung. Eine Subgruppe wurde zu t2 zu qualitativen Interviews eingeladen.

Ergebnisse An 12 Schulungen nahmen 102 Versorgende teil. Die Selbsteinschätzung zum Umgang mit Todeswünschen verbesserte sich nach den Schulungen konstant und signifikant – vor allem bei den Versorgenden, die Gespräche über Todeswünsche führten. Die qualitativen Daten geben Hinweise auf Gründe dafür.

Schlussfolgerung Die entwickelten Schulungen können Versorgenden nachhaltig mehr Selbstsicherheit im Umgang mit Todeswünschen und eine Grundlage für offene Gespräche bei Anfragen nach (ärztlich) assistiertem Suizid vermitteln.

Abstract

Objective Palliative care professionals are often confronted with their patients’ desire to die and report uncertainties in dealing with it. Therefore, trainings on the topic were conducted and evaluated.

Methods Participants in the two-day trainings answered questions about dealing with desire to die before (t0), immediately after (t1), and one year later (t2); at t1, they also answered questions about the training. A subgroup was invited for qualitative interviews at t2.

Results Hundred and two palliative care professionals participated in 12 training sessions. Self-assessment of dealing with desire to die improved consistently and significantly afterwards – especially among those who had conversations about desire to die. The qualitative data suggest reasons for this.

Conclusion The developed trainings facilitate sustained greater confidence in palliative care professionals in dealing with desire to die and a basis for open discussions when (physician-)assisted suicide is requested.

Schlüsselwörter

Todeswunsch - Schulung - Kommunikation - Evaluation

Keywords

desire to die - training - communication - evaluation

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