The Role of Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in Dental Tissue: A Review of Recent Literature

Abstract

This brief review describes the role of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) during dental development. Mutations within the ALPL gene, which is encoding the human ectoenzyme TNAP, lead to the rare disease Hypophosphatasia (HPP). Apart from the most prominent bone hypomineralization, the characteristic symptoms of HPP often include a dental phenotype. To investigate the molecular causes of distinct HPP symptoms in closer detail, a number of transgenic models in different animals are established, like mice (Mus musculus) and zebrafish (Danio rerio). We therefore also compare the processes of dental development in humans, mice, and zebrafish.

Zusammenfassung

In dieser kurzen Übersichtsarbeit wird die Rolle der gewebeunspezifischen Alkalischen Phosphatase (TNAP) bei der Zahnentwicklung beschrieben. Mutationen im ALPL-Gen, welches für das humane Ektoenzym TNAP codiert, sind verantwortlich für das Auftreten der seltenen Erbkrankheit Hypophosphatasie (HPP), deren Symptomatik häufig, neben einer prominenten Hypomineralisierung der Knochen, auch einen dentalen Phänotyp beinhaltet. Um den molekularbiologischen Ursachen der HPP Symptome weiter auf den Grund zu gehen, werden verschiedene Modellorganismen genutzt, wie Maus (Mus musculus) und Zebrafisch (Danio rerio). Wir vergleichen daher im Folgenden auch die Zahnentwicklung zwischen Menschen, Maus und Zebrafisch.

Key words

Hypophosphatasia - TNAP - dental - zebrafish - mouse

Schlüsselwörter

Hypophosphatasie - TNAP - dental - Zebrafisch - Maus

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