Verhaltenssüchte in der ICD-11

Zusammenfassung

Ziel Der Beitrag stellt die Verortung von Verhaltenssüchten in der ICD-11 dar und gibt einen Ausblick auf die zukünftige Entwicklung.

Methodik Sichtung der Literatur

Ergebnisse Auf Basis von Expertenmeetings der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) wurde ein Vorschlag entwickelt, auf Basis dessen die Gambling und Gaming Disorder in die aktuelle Fassung der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) aufgenommen wurden. Beide Störungen werden mit den gleichen 3 Kernmerkmalen beschrieben (Kontrollverlust, Priorität im Leben und Fortsetzung trotz negativer Konsequenzen) und erfordern darüber hinaus das Vorliegen einer funktionalen Beeinträchtigung. Eine Reihe von Studien belegt die klinische Relevanz dieser Entscheidung. Darüber hinaus lassen sich weitere spezifizierte Verhaltenssüchte kodieren, wobei nach Sichtung der Literatur insbesondere Buying-Shopping Disorder, Pornografy Use Disorder und Social Networks Use Disorder hierfür geeignet erscheinen.

Schlussfolgerung Insbesondere bei der Computerspielstörung ist zu erwarten, dass die Aufnahme in die ICD-11 die Entwicklung von Diagnostik, Prävention und Therapie diese Störung fördert. Unter Federführung der WHO werden derzeit diagnostische Verfahren für beide Störungen entwickelt, um Standardinstrumente bereit zu stellen.

Abstract

Aim The article describes the inclusion of behavioral addictions in the ICD-11 and provides an outlook on future development.

Methods Review of the literature

Results On the basis of expert meetings of the World Health Organization (WHO), a proposal was developed on the basis of which Gambling Disorder and Gaming Disorder were included in the current version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11). Both disorders are described with the same 3 core characteristics (loss of control, priority in life and continuation despite negative consequences) and also require the presence of functional impairment. A number of studies prove the clinical relevance of the decision to include both disorders. In addition, other specified behavioral addictions can be coded and based on reviewing the literature, Buying-Shopping Disorder, Pornography Use Disorder and Social Networks Use Disorder seem to be suitable for this category.

Conclusion Especially in the case of Gaming Disorder, it can be expected that inclusion in the ICD-11 will promote the development of diagnostics, prevention and therapy for this disorder. Under the auspices of the WHO, diagnostic tools for both disorders are currently being developed in order to provide standard instruments.

Schlüsselwörter

ICD-11 - Verhaltenssüchte - Computerspielstörung - Glücksspielstörung - Klassifikation

Key words

ICD-11 - behavioral addictions - gaming disorder - gambling disorder - classification

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
17. August 2020

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