Die Biologie der kieferorthopädischen Zahnbewegung – Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Beschleunigung

Zusammenfassung

Auf einen kurzen Überblick über die histologischen Veränderungen im Desmodont und dem Alveolarknochen während der unterschiedlichen Phasen einer kieferorthopädischen Bewegung von Zähnen folgt eine Zusammenfassung von zellbiologischen Aspekten der Interaktionen zwischen Zellen, wie Fibroblasten, Osteoblasten, Osteozyten und Osteoklasten, und der extrazellulären Matrix bei der Zahnbewegung.

Eine immer deutlicher werdende Forderung nach einer Beschleunigung der Zahnbewegung und damit einer Verkürzung der Dauer einer kieferorthopädischen Behandlung hat zur Entwicklung einer ganzen Reihe unterschiedlicher Interventionen geführt. Zwei der Hauptkategorien werden im vorliegenden Beitrag diskutiert. Einerseits die Veränderung der physikalischen Bedingungen und andererseits die Applikation von Agentien, mit denen die zellbiologischen Prozesse des Knochenumbaus stimuliert werden können.

Abstract

A brief overview of the histological changes in the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone in the different phases of orthodontic tooth movement is followed by a summary of the cell biological aspects of the interactions between cells, such as fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts, and the extracellular matrix during orthodontic tooth movement.

The increasing demand for faster tooth movement in order to decrease orthodontic treatment time has led to the development of a variety of interventions. Two main categories will be discussed, namely changing the physical conditions of the system, and the application of agents that stimulate the cell biological processes of bone turnover.

Schlüsselwörter

kieferorthopädische Zahnbewegung - Beschleunigung - Zellbiologie

Key words

orthodontic tooth movement - acceleration - cell biology

Publication History

Article published online:
11 September 2020

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