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Physikalische Medizin, Rehabilitationsmedizin, Kurortmedizin 2021; 31(01): 44-51
DOI: 10.1055/a-1193-5170
Original Article

Gross Motor Skills in Children with Cerebral Palsy and Intellectual Disability

Grobmotorische Fähigkeiten bei Kindern mit Zerebralparese und geistiger Behinderung
Aleksandra Djuric-Zdravkovic
1   Oligophrenology, University of Belgrade Faculty for Special Education and Rehabilitation, Beograd, Serbia
,
Dijana Perovic
2   Institute of Human Genetics, University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Beograd, Serbia
,
Biljana Milanovic-Dobrota
1   Oligophrenology, University of Belgrade Faculty for Special Education and Rehabilitation, Beograd, Serbia
,
Mirjana Japundza-Milisavljevic
1   Oligophrenology, University of Belgrade Faculty for Special Education and Rehabilitation, Beograd, Serbia
› Author Affiliations Funding: The authors received no financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article.
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Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study is to determine the connection of gross motor skills (locomotor skills and object control) and the degree of associated intellectual disability (ID) in children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Participants and methods The study sample included 54 children with CP and associated ID age 5 years to 6 years and 11 months. For the assessment of tested skills, The Gross Motor Function Classification System-Expanded and Revised (GMFCS-E&R), Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Fourth Edition (WPPSI-IV) and Test of Gross Motor Development Second Edition (TGMD-2) were used.

Results The results of this study indicate better quality of locomotor skills than object control skills in children with CP and associated ID. Children with CP and mild ID have better quality of locomotor skills and object control, than children with CP and moderate ID. Differences between these 2 groups of children are presented relative to GMFCS-E&R levels.

Conclusion This study has determined significant interconnection of the quality of gross motor functions and intellectual capacity in preschool children with CP. This should be considered when creating more detailed individual developmental rehabilitation plan in children with CP and associated ID and predict adequate measures of developmental stimulation.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel Mit dieser Studie soll der Zusammenhang zwischen grobmotorischen Fähigkeiten (Bewegungsfähigkeiten und Objektkontrolle) und dem Grad der assoziierten geistigen Behinderung bei Kindern mit infantiler Zerebralparese (ICP) bestimmt werden.

Teilnehmer und Methoden In die Studie waren 54 Kinder mit ICP und assoziierter geistiger Behinderung im Alter von 5 Jahren bis 6 Jahren und 11 Monaten eingeschlossen. Für die Beurteilung der getesteten Fähigkeiten wurden das Gross Motor Functions Classification System (System zur Klassifizierung der grobmotorischen Fähigkeiten, erweiterte und revidierte Fassung; GMFCS-E&R), der Wechsler Intelligenztest für Vorschulkinder (Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-vierte Auflage; WPPSI-IV) und der Test zur Entwicklung der Grobmotorik, zweite Auflage (Test of Gross Motor Development; TGMD-2) verwendet.

Ergebnisse Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie zeigen, dass bei Kindern mit ICP und assoziierter geistiger Behinderung die Bewegungsfähigkeiten besser entwickelt sind als die Objektkontrolle.

Kinder mit ICP und leichter geistiger Behinderung weisen besser entwickelte Bewegungsfähigkeiten und Objektkontrolle auf als Kinder mit ICP und mittelschwerer geistiger Behinderung. Die Unterschiede zwischen diesen beiden Gruppen werden entsprechend der Stufeneinteilung des GMFCS E&R dargestellt.

Schlussfolgerung Diese Studie konnte einen signifikanten Zusammenhang zwischen der Qualität der Grobmotorik und den intellektuellen Fähigkeiten bei Vorschulkindern mit ICP belegen. Dies sollte bei der Erstellung eines detaillierteren individuellen Rehabilitationsplans sowie der Festlegung angemessener Maßnahmen zur Entwicklungsförderung für Kinder mit ICP und assoziierter geistiger Behinderung berücksichtigt werden.

Key words

Locomotor skills - object control - cerebral paralysis - intellectual disability

Schlüsselwörter

Bewegungsfähigkeiten - Objektkontrolle - Infantile Zerebralparese - geistige Behinderung


Publication History

Received: 18 January 2020

Accepted: 19 May 2020

Article published online:
26 June 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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