Abstract
Based on a Presentation at the 2013 VEITH Symposium, November 19–23, 2013 (New York,
NY, USA)
Three-dimensional (3D) guidance for endovascular procedures has developed over the
last decade from 3D rotational angiography to the use of dynamic 3D roadmap techniques.
The latest development is image merging. This technique combines real-time feedback
of fluoroscopy with optimal soft-tissue contrast of previously performed computed
tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance angiography. Merging of CT angiography and cone-beam
CT/fluoroscopic images is feasible, and preliminary results look promising. Merging
will allow us to further reduce radiation exposure, contrast dose, and procedural
time, and its main use and benefit will be in complex endovascular interventions.
Key Words
3D navigation - Cone-beam computed tomography - Endovascular - Fusion imaging