Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die hypokinetische Dysarthrophonie bei M. Parkinson lässt sich durch medikamentöse
oder operative Maßnahmen nur wenig beeinflussen. Als ein logopädisches Verfahren zur
Behandlung der hypokinetischen Dysarthrophonie steht das Lee Silverman Voice Treatment
(LSVT) zur Verfügung. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden die Auswirkungen dieses Stimmtrainings
auf die Intonationsmuster sprachlicher Äußerungen untersucht.
Methode: Eine weibliche und zwei männliche Probanden mit M. Parkinson nahmen an der Untersuchung
teil. Nach einer Placebophase erfolgte ein Stimmtraining nach den Richtlinien des
LSVT. Als Untersuchungsmaterial dienten 18 Satzäußerungen. Mit Hilfe von Schmalbandspektrogrammen
wurden die Intonationsmuster transkribiert, der zeitliche Zusammenhang zwischen betonter
Silbe und Grundfrequenz (F0) -Maximum bestimmt und das Ausmaß der F0-Bewegungen gemessen.
Ergebnisse: Unter dem LSVT traten ausgeprägtere Intonationsmuster in Aussagesätzen auf, verbunden
mit einem höheren Grundfrequenzanstieg in dem Fokuswort, sowie ein höherer Anteil
an Peaks und eine verstärkte zeitliche Anbindung des F0-Maximums an die betonte Silbe
in wütenden Äußerungen.
Schlussfolgerungen: Die unter der LSVT-Behandlung beobachteten Veränderungen deuten auf distinkte Interaktionen
der untersuchten Sprechparameter hin.
Abstract
Background: Dysarthrophonia in speakers suffering from Parkinson's disease affects all parameters
of speech and is not easily influenced by medication or surgery. The Lee Silverman
Voice Treatment (LSVT) was developed specifically to target hypokinetic dysarthrophonia.
It has not yet been investigated whether the LSVT influences intonation patterns of
speech.
Methods: Using a single case study design, a female and two males suffering from idiopathic
Parkinson's disease were treated with a word finding placebo therapy prior to application
of the LSVT. 18 test sentences (6 neutral declaratives, 6 neutral questions, 6 angry
utterances) were investigated acoustically. Intonation patterns were transcribed,
the timing of maximum fundamental frequency (F0) in relation to the accented syllable
was described and the rise in F0 was measured on the basis of narrow-band spectrograms.
Participants also underwent laryngoscopic and stroboscopic examination. Speech rate,
maximum intensity, maximum phonation time, minimum and maximum F0, intelligibility,
and naturalness were also monitored.
Results: Few unequivocal effects were observed. After LSVT treatment speakers produced more
pronounced intonation patterns in neutral utterances, increased the number of peaks
in angry utterances, aligned the F0 maximum more often to the stressed syllable in
angry utterances and produced higher F0 rises in neutral utterances. The laryngoscopic
and stroboscopic investigations revealed high variability within subjects. One speaker
improved in maximum phonation time. The other maximum performance measures and intelligibility
were not influenced by the LSVT, mainly due to ceiling effects.
Conclusions: The participants of this study showed fewer differences to unaffected speakers in
the parameters measured than was expected. This may be due to the discrepancy between
spontaneous speech and read sentences observed in hypokinetic dysarthria. The study
discusses ways in which speech parameters might influence each other.
Schlüsselwörter
M. Parkinson - LSVT - Prosodie
Key words
Parkinson's disease - LSVT - prosody
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