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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027259
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Corneal Nerves Alterations in Various Types of Systemic Polyneuropathy, Identified by In Vivo Confocal Microscopy
Hornhautnervenveränderungen diverser systemischer Polyneuropathien, identifiziert mithilfe des konfokalen In-vivo-MikroskopsPublication History
received: 14.9.2007
accepted: 1.12.2007
Publication Date:
05 May 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Das konfokale In-vivo-Mikroskop (KIVM) ist eine neu entwickelte Methode, welche sich eignet, die Hornhautnervenmorphologie im Detail zu studieren. Das Ziel der Studie ist die Untersuchung der Rolle des KIVM bei der Evaluierung diverser Polyneuropathien und die Definition der so festgestellten Hornhautveränderungen. Patienten und Methoden: Achtzehn Patienten mit diversen Polyneuropathien wurden mittels neurologischer und ophthalmologischer klinischer Untersuchung und Elektroneuromyografie (ENMG) charakterisiert. Die Hornhautnerven wurden mittels KIVM (Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II (HRTII)) bei allen Patienten untersucht und mit einer Gruppe von 15 altersgleichen Patienten verglichen. Der sub-basale Nervenplexus wurde statistisch nach folgenden Kriterien analysiert: Nervenfaserdichte der langen Nerven, Nervenramifizierungsdichte, Nervendicke, Anzahl von Nervenperlen und Nerventortuosität. Ergebnisse: Im Vergleich zur Kontrollgruppe waren in der Polyneuropathiegruppe folgende drei Parameter signifikant reduziert: Nervenfaserndichte der langen Nerven (p < 0,01), Nervenramifizierungsdichte (p < 0,001), Anzahl von Nervenperlen (p = 0,001). Zusätzlich war der Grad an durchschnittlicher Nerventortuosität in der Polyneuropathiegruppe höher (2,87 ± 0,97) als in der Kontrollgruppe (1,17 ± 0,68) (p < 0,0001). Schlussfolgerung: KIVM erlaubt die In-vivo-Untersuchung der Hornhautnerven in hoher Resolution. Aus diesem Grund erscheint uns diese Methode im klinischen Alltag als höchst wertvoll. Die KIVM hat sich in unserer Studie in einer breiten Auswahl von polyneuropathischen Zuständen als nützlich erwiesen.
Abstract
Background: In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is a newly developed application to assess corneal nerve morphology. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the role of IVCM in the assessment of various types of polyneuropathy, and to define alterations of corneal nerves in such conditions. Patients and Methods: Eighteen patients with various types of polyneuropathy were characterized by clinical neurological and ophthalmic examinations, as well as by electroneuromyography (ENMG). Full thickness IVCM of corneal nerves was carried out on all patients and 15 age-matched eyes using Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II (HRT II). The subbasal nerve plexus were statistically analysed regarding long nerve fiber density, nerve branch density, nerve thickness, nerve bead number and nerve tortuosity. Results: In subbasal nerve plexus, the following three parameters were significantly reduced in patients with polyneuropathy compared to controls: long nerve fibre density (p < 0.01), nerve branch density (p < 0.001), and nerve bead number (p = 0.001). In addition, the average grade of nerve tortuosity was 2.87 ± 0.97 in the polyneuropathic group and 1.17 ± 0.68 in the control group (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: IVCM allows a non-invasive, in vivo study of corneal nerves with high resolution. It therefore appears invaluable in clinical investigations. IVCM appears to be valuable in a large variety of polyneuropathic conditions.
Schlüsselwörter
In-vivo konfokale Mikroskopie - Hornhautnerven - Polyneuropathie - Elektroneuromyographie
Key words
in vivo confocal microscopy - corneal nerves - polyneuropathy - electroneuromyography
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Avinoam B. Safran, MD
Ophthalmology Clinic, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Geneva University Hospitals
22 rue Alcide Jentzer
1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland
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