Physikalische Therapieformen vermögen unter anderem die pathogenetische Entwicklung
der Arthrose zu hemmen, indem sie die trophischen Bedingungen des Gelenkknorpels durch
Wärmeeinfluss verbessern, myalgisch-myasthenische Dekompensationssyndrome dämpfen
und kompensieren. Für diese werden Schmerzbeeinflussung durch Elektrotherapie, Muskeltonusausgleich
durch Massagen, gezielte Ausgleichübungen sowie Beweglichkeits-, Kraft- und Koordinationserhalt
durch die spezifische Bewegungstherapie angestrebt. Auch die Synovialitis bei aktivierter
Arthrose scheint durch entzündungsdämpfende, physikalisch-therapeutische Maßnahmen
beeinflussbar.
Inwieweit diese Maßnahmen durch Studienergebnisse gesichert werden konnten, soll anhand
einer Literaturanalyse dargelegt werden. Ihre Ergebnisse sowie Probleme in der Beurteilung
der Datenlage und bei der Durchführung kontrollierter Studien zur physikalischen Therapie
der Arthrose werden aufgezeigt und diskutiert.
Physical therapy may inhibit the pathogenetic development of osteoarthritis by improving
trophic conditions in the joint cartilage through heat transfer and by soothing myalgic-myasthenic
decompensation syndromes. For the decompensation syndrome, analgetic treatment with
electrotherapy, balancing of muscular tone through massages, and focused kinesitherapy
for improving coordination, as well as maintenance of flexibility, strength and endurance
are aspired to. Synovitis in active osteoarthritis can be treated with anti-inflammatory
physical therapy measures.
Which physical therapy for osteoarthritis is based on scientific research in literature
is reviewed and the results, as well as the problems concerning the data and the design
of a controlled study to physical therapies for osteoarthritis, are presented and
discussed.
Key words
osteoarthritis - physical therapy - evaluation
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Korrespondenz
Univ.-Prof. Dr. med. Christian Mucha
Med. Rehabilitation und Prävention Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln
Carl-Diem-Weg 6
50933 Köln
