Endobronchial Laser Therapy

Abstract

The use of laser (Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation) in the management of various types endobronchial lesions has rapidly gained popularity over the past decade. Laser technology has improved our abilities not only in the palliative management of large airway lesions but also in the early diagnosis lung cancer. Neodymium yttrium-aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser photoresection has evolved as a reliable and safe mode of treatment with immediate results in patients with airway obstruction from malignant^1-5 and benign⁶ lesions. In skilled hands, its application through either a rigid bronchoscope (RB) or a flexible bronchoscope (FB) is safe and effective. Considering that laser photoresection (LPR) is generally performed in patients with poor pulmonary reserve, morbidity and mortality from the procedure is impressively low. In conjunction with certain photosensitizers, laser can also be used for treatment as well as early diagnosis of endobronchial tumors. In this article we will discuss basic concepts and technique of endobronchial laser therapy with special emphasis on Nd:YAG laser photoresection. We will also discuss the role of photodynamic therapy using laser light energy in the management of benign and malignant endobronchial lesions.

Key Words:

Laser - endobronchial tumors - palliation