Welche Rolle spielen Reanimation und Defibrillation durch Laien?

Zusammenfassung

Die per se schlechte Überlebensrate von 3-10 % der Patienten mit Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand kann durch Reanimation und schnelle Defibrillation wesentlich verbessert werden. Da die zerebrale Funktion nur bis etwa 8-10 Minuten nach Kreislauf-Stillstand wiederhergestellt werden kann, ist es für das Überleben entscheidend, dass die Zeitspanne zwischen einem Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand und dem Beginn der kardiopulmonalen Reanimation so kurz wie möglich ist. Das setzt allerdings voraus, dass Reanimationen nicht nur von professionellen Rettungssystemen, sondern auch von Laien durchgeführt werden. Seit der Installation von automatisierten externen Defibrillatoren an öffentlichen Orten mit vielen Menschen konnte die Überlebensrate von Patienten mit Herz-Kreislaufstillstand durch Kammerflimmern wesentlich verbessert werden. AED-Programme für zu Hause sind zum jetzigen Zeitpunkt nicht zu empfehlen.

Summary

The intrinsically poor survival rate of 3-10 % of patients with cardiac arrest can be appreciably improved by resuscitation and prompt defibrillation. Since cerebral function can be restored only within a time window of 8-10 minutes following cardiac arrest, it is essential for survival to ensure that the time lapse between a cardiac arrest and the initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation be kept to a minimum. However, this implies that resuscitation be implemented not only by professional medical rescue personnel, but also by laypersons. Since the provision of public-access automated defibrillators, the survival rate of patients with cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation has been considerably improved. AED programmes for home use are currently not recommended.

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