Periorbitale Kontaktekzeme

Zusammenfassung

Periorbitale Kontaktekzeme sind am häufigsten Folge einer allergischen Kontaktdermatitis, während andere ekzematöse Erkrankungen wie das atopische Ekzem oder das seborrhoische Ekzem seltener auftreten. Differenzialdiagnostisch müssen auch Autoimmunerkrankungen sowie die Rosazea in Betracht gezogen werden. Die allergische Kontaktdermatitis ist eine T-Zell-vermittelte immunologische Antwort auf ubiquitär vorkommende Kontaktstoffe. Über das Endothel wandern aktivierte T-Zellen in die Haut und produzieren Entzündungsmediatoren. Wichtigster diagnostischer Test ist der Epikutantest, wo die Allergene auf der Haut in Bezug auf ihre Fähigkeit, Ekzemreaktionen auszulösen, untersucht werden. Bis heute sind topische Kortikosteroide Therapie der Wahl allergischer Kontaktekzeme. Hierbei sind vor allem Präparate mit einem günstigen therapeutischen Index zu bevorzugen.

Abstract

Periorbital contact eczema is most commonly the result of an allergic contact dermatitis whereas other eczematous skin diseases like atopic eczema or seborrheic eczema occur less frequently. Also, other diseases like autoimmune disorders or rosacea need to be considered. Allergic contact dermatitis is a T-cell-mediated immunological response towards ubiquitous contact allergens. Activated T-cells migrate through the vessels into the skin and produce several inflammatory mediators. Epicutaneous patch testing is an important tool for the diagnosis of contact allergy whereby the allergens are analysed in terms of their ability to induce eczematous skin reaction. Until now the short-term use of corticosteroids are is employed for the treatment of allergic contact eczema. Modern substances with an optimal therapeutic index should rather be used.

Schlüsselwörter

Kontaktallergie - Ekzem - Inhaltsstoffe

Key words

Contact allergy - eczema - ingredients

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