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Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2004; 25(2): 171-181
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-824901
Copyright © 2004 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Scedosporium/Pseudallescheria Infections

Anil A. Panackal1 , 2 , Kieren A. Marr1 , 2
  • 1Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
  • 2University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
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Publication History

Publication Date:
19 April 2004 (online)

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The genus Scedosporium comprises a group of filamentous fungi found ubiquitously in the environment. The two major human pathogens within this genus are S. apiospermum-the asexual state of Pseudallescheria boydii-and S. prolificans. Both histologically resemble Aspergillus species, with hyphae that are septated and branching at acute angles. Although Scedosporium infections can occur in immunocompetent persons, the overall incidence has increased over the last decade as a consequence of improved diagnostics and a growing immunosuppressed population (e.g., transplant, malignancy, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome). These organisms can cause systemic infection in immunocompromised hosts manifested as sinopulmonary, central nervous system, osteoarticular, ocular, endovascular, and lymphocutaneous disease. Dissemination may occur hematogenously or contiguously, with high associated mortality (>75%). Scedosporium species are known to be largely resistant to traditional antifungals such as amphotericin B; however, treatment with newer triazoles, such as voriconazole, appears to be more efficacious.

KEYWORDS

Scedosporium - annellides - hyphomycoses - emerging opportunistic infections - multiantifungal drug resistance

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Kieren MarrM.D. 

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington

Seattle, 1100 Fairview Ave. N. D3-100

Seattle, WA 98109-1024

Email: kmarr@fhcrc.org

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