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Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2003; 24(6): 681-692
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-815664
Copyright © 2003 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA. Tel.: +1(212) 584-4662

Burkholderia and Emerging Pathogens in Cystic Fibrosis

John J. LiPuma
  • Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Publication History

Publication Date:
15 January 2004 (online)

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ABSTRACT

Persons with cystic fibrosis (CF) are susceptible to respiratory tract infection with a variety of bacterial species. Among these are several species in the genus Burkholderia (including members of the B. cepacia complex, B. gladioli, and B. pseudomallei), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Achromobacter (Alcaligenes) xylosoxidans, certain Ralstonia species, and species within the new genus Pandoraea. Enterobacteriaceae and several other rather unusual or novel species also can be found. Many of these species are closely related phylogenetically and have similar phenotypes, presenting a challenge to accurate laboratory identification. Although their role in contributing to pulmonary disease in CF is not clear, the incidence of infection by some of these species appears to be increasing. The broad-spectrum antimicrobial resistance typically exhibited by these species severely limits treatment options. Newly developed genotypic methods of identification will enable studies to better assess the epidemiology and natural history of these emerging pathogens in CF.

KEYWORDS

Burkholderia cepacia - Stenotrophomonas maltophilia - Achromobacter (Alcaligenes) xylosoxidans - Ralstonia spp. - Pandoraea spp.

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