Essstörungen in der hausärztlichen Versorgung - eine Literaturübersicht

Zusammenfassung

In einer Literaturübersicht werden folgende Fragen beantwortet: Wie häufig sind Essstörungen? Gibt es präventive Maßnahmen? Wie häufig und zu welchem Zeitpunkt sieht der Hausarzt Essstörungen? Wie präsentieren sich essgestörte Patientinnen und Patienten in der Praxis? Bei ansteigender Inzidenz von Essstörungen, insbesondere von Bulimia nervosa, wird die Diagnostik und Therapie durch das doppeldeutige Verhalten der Patientinnen und Patienten und die Präsentation vorgeschobener Symptome erschwert. Es gibt noch keine validierten, praxisgerechten Schulungen in Zusammenarbeit mit allgemeinärztlichen Praxen. Viele Allgemeinärzte zeigen ein Verhalten, das von Frustration, wenig ausgeprägter Empathie und Hilflosigkeit geprägt ist.

Summary

In this literature review, answer were given to the following questions: How often do eating disorders occur? Are there any preventive interventions? How often and at which moment does the family doctor recognise eating disorders? How do patients with eating disorders present themselves in general practice? Increased incidences of eating disorders, especially bulimia nervosa, and difficulties in diagnostic and therapy as well as the ambiguous behaviour of patients in the presentation of delayed symptoms let diagnose only a small part of these patients. There is no valid practice oriented training for general practice. Many general practitioners show a behaviour that is characterised by frustration and helplessness, less marked by empathy.

Key words

Eating disorder - incidence - prevention - general practice - diagnosis - therapy

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Zur Person

Dr. med. Ingrid Paur

Fachärztin für, Allgemeinmedizin, Sportmedizin, seit 1988 niedergelassen in Remscheid, seit 1998 Lehrärztin der Abteilung Allgemeinmedizin der Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf.