Abstract
There has been substantial progress in minimally invasive techniques in children in
recent years. Numerous investigators have shown that laparoscopic and thoracoscopic
paediatric surgery can be performed safely. It has been postulated that minimally
invasive paediatric surgery is associated with low morbidity, a shorter hospital stay,
lower costs and clinical results similar to those achieved by open surgery. The present
article reviews information from the past 2 years on the pathophysiological effects,
feasibility, standards, new techniques, the importance of the method in malignant
diseases and robotics. However, most of these reports still focus on safety and feasibility.
It would be preferable if the paediatric surgical society itself would discriminate
between useful and useless or harmful techniques. Therefore, further systematic research
on the advantages and limits of minimally invasive surgery in children is mandatory.
Résumé
Il y a eu des progrès conséquents dans les techniques de chirurgie mini-invasive chez
l'enfant ces dernières années. De nombreux auteurs ont démontré que la laparoscopie
et la thoracoscopie en chirurgie pédiatrique pouvait être réalisée avec sécurité.
Il a été postulé que la chirurgie mini-invasive était associée à une morbidité basse,
à une hospitalisation plus courte, à des coûts moins importants et à des résultats
cliniques similaires à ceux obtenus par la chirurgie conventionnelle. Le présent article
revoit les informations des 2 dernières années sur les effets physiopathologiques,
la faisabilité, les standards, les nouvelles techniques, l'importance des méthodes
dans les maladies malignes. Néanmoins, la plupart de ces rapports se focalisent sur
la sûreté et la faisabilité. Il serait préférable que la société chirurgicale pédiatrique
elle-même trie les techniques utiles et les techniques inutiles ou nuisibles. De ce
fait, des recherches ultérieures systématiques sur les avantages et les limites de
la chirurgie mini-invasive chez l'enfant sont obligatoires.
Resumen
En los últimos años ha habido progresos sustanciales en las técnicas mínimamente invasivas
en niños. Numerosos investigadores han mostrado que la cirugía laparoscópica y toracoscópica
puede ser realizada con poco riesgo en niños. Se ha pretendido que este abordaje se
asocia con una baja morbilidad, disminución de la estancia hospitalaria, menores costes
y resultados clínicos similares a los obtenidos con la cirugía abierta. El presente
trabajo revisa la información de los últimos dos años sobre los efectos patofisiólogicos,
la factibilidad, las nuevas técnicas, el papel de este método en las enfermedades
malignas y la robótica. Sin embargo la mayoría de estos trabajos todavía están centrados
en la seguridad y en la factibilidad. Sigue siendo deseable que la comunidad quirúrgica
pediátrica aprenda a distinguir lo útil de lo inútil o las técnicas potencialmente
dañinas. Por lo tanto debe realizarse un investigación sistemática de las ventajas
y límites de la cirugía minimamente invasiva.
Zusammenfassung
Im Bereich der minimal invasiven Kinderchirurgie wurden in den letzten Jahren große
Fortschritte erzielt. Zahlreiche Untersucher konnten belegen, dass laparoskopische
und thorakoskopische Eingriffe bei Kindern sicher ausgeführt werden. Es wurde postuliert,
dass die minimal invasive Kinderchirurgie mit einer verminderten Morbidität, kürzeren
Krankenhausaufenthalten, geringeren Kosten und der offenen Chirurgie vergleichbaren
Resultaten verbunden ist. Dieser Beitrag diskutiert Berichte aus den letzten 2 Jahren
über pathophysiologische Effekte, die Machbarkeit, Standards, neue Techniken und die
Bedeutung der Methode bei malignen Erkrankungen sowie Robotiks. Die meisten dieser
Berichte sind beschränkt auf die Sicherheit und die Machbarkeit. Es wäre wünschenswert,
wenn die kinderchirurgische Gemeinschaft Stellungnahmen zu sinnvollen und unsinnigen
oder gar für die Patienten nachteiligen Techniken abgeben könnte. Auf diesem Hintergrund
sind systematische Arbeiten hinsichtlich der Vorteile und der Grenzen der minimal
invasiven Kinderchirurgie zu fordern.
Key words
Laparoscopy - Thoracoscopy - Child
Mots-clés
Laparoscopie - Thoracoscopie - Enfant
Palabras clave
Laparoscopia - Toracoscopia - Niño
Schlüsselwörter
Laparoskopie - Thorakoskopie
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Prof. Dr. Benno M. Ure
Department of Paediatric Surgery
Medical School Hannover
Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1
30625 Hannover
Germany
Email: ure.benno@mh-hannover.de