Comparative Study of the Ploidy Series Bromus sterilis, B. diandrus and B. rigidus (Poaceae) Based on Chromosome Numbers, Morphology and Isozymes

Abstract

Chromosome numbers, morphological characters and isozymes of seven enzymes were studied to assess relationships between species of the Bromus diandrus-rigidus polyploid complex and the closely related species, B. sterilis. The four different cytotypes detected, 2n = 14, 28, 42 and 56, could be divided into two species: B. sterilis (2n = 14, 28) and B. diandrus (2n = 42, 56) by morphological features and isozymes. The shape of the scar of rachilla segments in the floret proved to be a suitable character for distinguishing the two species, but not the chromosomal races within species. The tetraploid shared homozygous isozyme phenotypes with diploid B. sterilis at all loci, except one, suggesting that it is autopolyploid. No diagnostic isozymes could be found to distinguish between hexa- and octoploid cytotypes in the B. diandrus-rigidus complex.

Abbreviations

AAT: aspartate aminotransferase

ANOVA: analysis of variance

MDH: malate dehydrogenase

MLILs: multilocus isozyme lineages

PGD: phosphogluconate dehydrogenase

PGI: phosphoglucoisomerase

PRX: peroxidase

SOD: superoxide dismutase

SKD: shikimate dehydrogenase

UPGMA: unweighted pair-group average method

Bromus - cytotaxonomy - morphological variation - isozyme diversity

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Section Editor: F. Salamini