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Am J Perinatol 2023; 40(09): 988-995
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1761638
PAS Series Article
Review Article

Critical Care in Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders—A Call to Action

Cesar R. Padilla
1   Division of Obstetric Anesthesiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
,
Amir A. Shamshirsaz
2   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Surgical Critical Care Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas
,
Sarah R. Easter
3   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology/Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
,
Phillip Hess
4   Department of Anesthesiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
,
Carly Smith
5   Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Anesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Ohio
,
Nadir El Sharawi
6   Division of Obstetrical Anesthesia, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fayetteville, Arkansas
,
Adam T. Sandlin
7   Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Fayetteville, Arkansas
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Abstract

The rising in placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) incidence, highlights the need for critical care allotment for these patients. Due to risk for hemorrhage and possible hemorrhagic shock requiring blood product transfusion, hemodynamic instability and risk of end-organ damage, having an intensive care unit (ICU) with surgical expertise (surgical ICU or equivalent based on institutional resources) is highly recommended. Intensive care units physicians and nurses should be familiarized with intraoperative anesthetic and surgical techniques as well as obstetrics physiologic changes to provide postpartum management of PAS. Validated tools such of bedside point of care ultrasound and viscoelastic tests such as thromboelastogram/rotational thromboelastometry (TEG/ROTEM) are clinically useful in the assessment of hemodynamic status (shock diagnosis, assessment of both fluid responsiveness and tolerance) and transfusion guidance (in patients requiring massive transfusion as opposed to tranditional hemostatic resuscitation) respectively. The future of PAS management lies in the collaborative and multidisciplinary environment. We recommend that women with high suspicion or a confirmed PAS should have a preoperative plan in place and be managed in a tertiary center who is experienced in managing surgically complex cases.

Key Points

  • The rising in placenta accreta spectrum incidence highlights the need for critical care expertise.

  • Emerging tools such as point-of-care ultrasound and thromboelastography/rotational thromboelastometry represent new avenues for real time optimization of hemodynamic and hematological care of patients with PAS.

  • Patients with PAS should be referred to a tertiary center having an intensive care unit (ICU) with surgical expertise (or equivalent based on institutional resources).

Keywords

Placenta accreta spectrum - intensvie care unit - point of care ultrasound - TEG - ROTEM


Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
19. Juni 2023

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