Besser mit oder ohne Fleisch?

Summary

Die Ernährung ist ein wichtiger Bestandteil der integrativen Krebstherapie. Doch welche ist die richtige? Sollten Krebspatienten lieber vegetarisch essen oder eher Fleisch? Oder ist viel Fett bei dieser zehrenden Erkrankung das Beste für den Körper? Unsere Ernährungsexperten erklären, welche Vorteile die vegetarische Kost, die Paläo-Diät und die ketogene Diät bei Krebs haben.

Keywords

Krebs - Onkologie - Ernährung - vegetarisch - Paläo - Paläo-Diät - ketogen - ketogene Diät - Gemüse - Fleisch - Steinzeit - Fett

• Verwendete Literatur

• [1] Aune D, Chan DS, Lau R. Dietary fibre, whole grains, and risk of colorectal cancer: systematic review and dose-response metaanalysis of prospective studies. BMJ 2011; 343: d6617
• [2] Aune D, Chan DS, Vieira AR. Dietary compared with blood concentrations of carotenoids and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Am J Clin Nutr 2012; 96: 356-373
• [3] Burkitt DP, Walker ARP, Painter NS. Effect of dietary fiber on stools and transit-times, and its role in the causation of disease. Lancet 1972; 2: 1408-1411
• [4] Crowell P. Prevention and therapy of cancer by dietary monoterpenes. Nutr 1999; 129: 775-778
• [5] Dinkova-Kostova AT, Kostov RV. Glucosinola-tes and isothiocyanates in health and disease. Trends Molecular Med 2012; 18: 337-347
• [6] Eatemadi A, Aiyelabegan HT, Negahdari B. Role of protease and protease inhibitors in cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 86: 221-231
• [7] Eliassen AH, Liao X, Rosner B. et at. Plasma carotenoids and risk of breast cancer over 20 y of follow-up. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 101: 1197-1205
• [8] Hayes JD, Kelleher MO, Eggleston IM. The cancer chemopreventive actions of phytochemicals derived from glucosinolates. Eur J Nutr 2008; 47 Suppl (Suppl. 02) 73-88
• [9] IARC (Internationalen Agentur für Krebsforschung). Welt-Krebs-Bericht. Genf: WHO; 2014
• [10] Koerber Kv, Männle T, Leitzmann C. Vollwert-Ernährung Konzeption einer zeitgemäßen und nachhaltigen Ernährungsweise. 11. Aufl. Stuttgart: Haug; 2012
• [11] Leenders M, Leufkens AM, Siersema PD. et al. Plasma and dietary carotenoids and vitamins A, C and E and risk of colon and rectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Int J Cancer 2014; 135: 2930-2939
• [12] Leclerq G, Jacquot Y. Interactions of isoflavones and other plant derived estrogens with estrogen receptors for prevention and treatment of breast cancer – considerations concerning related efficacy and safety. J Steroid Biochem Molecular Biol 2014; 139: 237-244
• [13] Leitzmann C. Vegetarismus – Grundlagen, Vorteile, Risiken. 4. Aufl. München: Beck; 2012
• [14] Leitzmann C. Vegetarismus – Grundlagen, Vorteile, Risiken. München: Beck; 2012
• [15] Leitzmann C, Keller M. Vegetarismus. Stuttgart: Ulmer; 2013
• [16] Leitzmann C. Vegetarismus / Veganismus -was dafür spricht. Schweizer Z Ernährungs-med 2015; 12: 15-19
• [17] Leitzmann C, Behrendt I. Vegane Ernährung. Erfahrungsheilkunde 2015; 64: 76-83
• [18] Leoncini E, Nedovic D, Panic N. et al. Carotenoid intake from natural sources and head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24: 1003-1011
• [19] Li YH, Niu YB, Sun Y. et al. Role of phytochemicals in colorectal cancer prevention. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21: 9262-9272
• [20] Mourouti N, Kontogianni MD, Papavagelis C. et al. Diet and breast cancer: a systematic review. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2015; 66: 1-42
• [21] Ramprasath VR, Awad AB. Role of phytosterols in cancer prevention and treatment. J AOAC Int 2015; 98 (03) 735-738
• [22] Roleira FM, Tavares-da-Silva EJ, Varela CL. et al. Plant derived and dietary phenolic antioxidants: anticancer properties. Food Chem 2015; 183: 235-258
• [23] Watzl B, Leitzmann C. Bioaktive Substanzen in Lebensmitteln. 3. Aufl. Stuttgart: Hippo-krates; 2005
• [24] WCRF / AICR (World Cancer Research Fund / American Institute for Cancer Research). Food, nutrition and the prevention of cancer: a global perspective. Washington: AICR; 2007
• [25] WHO (Weltgesundheitsorganisation). Welt-Krebs-Bericht. Genf: WHO; 2014

• Verwendete Literatur

• [1] Ballantyne S. The Paleo Approach. Reverse Autoimmune Disease and Heal Your Body. Las Vegas: Victory Belt Publishing; 2013
• [2] Fischer S. Hrsg. Funktionelle Proteomik. Krankheitsursachen frühzeitig erkennen und gezielt behandeln. München: Urban & Fischer Verlag / Elsevier; 2008
• [3] Jaminet P, Jaminet S-J. Perfect Health Diet. Regain Health and Lose Weight by Eating the Way You Were Meant to Eat. New York: Scribe UK; 2012
• [4] Seyfried T. Cancer as a Metabolic Disease. On the Origin, Management, and Prevention of Cancer. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons; 2012
• [5] Shanahan C. Deep Nutrition. Why Your Genes Need Traditional Food. 1. Aufl. New York: St Martin's Press; 2016
• [6] Wahls T. The Wahls Protocol. How I beat progressive MS Using Paleo Principles and functional medicine. New York: Avery; 2014

• Verwendete Literatur

• [1] Barber MD, McMillan DC, Preston T. et al. Metabolic response to feeding in weight-losing pancreatic cancer patients and its modulation by a fish-oil-enriched nutritional supplement. Clin Sci 2000; 98 (04) 389-399
• [2] Shukla SK, Gebregiworgis T, Purohit V. et al. Metabolic reprogramming induced by ketone bodies diminishes pancreatic cancer cachexia. Cancer Metab 2014; 2: 18
• [3] Klement RJ, Champ CE, Otto C. et al. Anti-Tumor Effects of Ketogenic Diets in Mice: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11: e0155050
• [4] Rojas-Morales P, Tapia E, Pedraza-Chaverri J. ß-Hydroxybytate: A signaling metabolite in starvation response?. Cell Signal 2016; 28: 917-923
• [5] Chandrasekera PC, Pippin JJ. Of Rodents and Men: Species-Specific Glucose Regulation and Type 2 Diabetes Research. ALTEX 2013; 31: 157-176
• [6] Mahoney LB, Denny CA, Seyfried TN. Calorie restriction in C57BL/6J mice mimics therapeutic fasting in humans. Lipids Health Dis 2006; 5: 13
• [7] Schmidt M, Pfetzer N, Schwab M. et al. Effects of a ketogenic diet on the quality of life in 16 patients with advanced cancer: A pilot trial. Nutr Metab 2011; 8: 54
• [8] Rieger J, Bähr O, Maurer GD. et al. ERGO: A pilot study of ketogenic diet in recurrent glioblastoma. Int J Oncol 2014; 44: 1843-1852
• [9] Schwartz K, Chang HT, Nikolai M. et al. Treatment of glioma patients with ketogenic diets: report of two cases treated with an IRB-ap-proved energy-restricted ketogenic diet protocol and review of the literature. Cancer Metab 2015; 3: 3
• [10] Bozzetti F, Gavazzi C, Mariani L. et al. Glucose-based total parenteral nutrition does not stimulate glucose uptake by humans tumours. Clin Nutr 2004; 23: 417-421
• [11] Fine EJ, Segal-isaacson CJ, Feinman RD. et al. Targeting insulin inhibition as a metabolic therapy in advanced cancer: A pilot safety and feasibility dietary trial in 10 patients. Nutrition 2012; 28: 1028-1035
• [12] Schroeder U, Himpe B, Pries R. et al. Decline of lactate in tumor tissue after ketogenic diet: in vivo microdialysis study in patients with head and neck cancer. Nutr Cancer 2013; 65: 843-849
• [13] Klement RJ, Champ CE. Calories, carbohydrates, and cancer therapy with radiation: Exploiting the five R’s through dietary manipulation. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2014; 33: 217-229
• [14] Klement RJ, Sweeney R. Impact of a ketoge-nic diet intervention during radiotherapy on body composition: I. Initial clinical experience with six prospectively studied patients. BMC Res Notes 2016; 9: 143
• 15 Brandhorst S, Harputlugil E, Mitchell JR. et al. Protective effects of short-term dietary restriction in surgical stress and chemotherapy. Ageing Res Rev 2017 Feb 20. pii: S1568-1637(17)30033-8
• [16] de Groot S, Vreeswijk MP, Welters MJ. et al. The effects of short-term fasting on tolerance to (neo) adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-negative breast cancer patients: a randomized pilot study. BMC Cancer 2015; 15: 652
• [17] Dorff TB, Groshen S, Garcia A. et al. Safety and feasibility of fasting in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2016; 16: 360
• [18] Klement RJ. Fasten als Nebenwirkungsmanagement?. InFo Onkol 2016; 19: 22-24