Download PDF
Sportphysio 2017; 05(03): 103-112
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-105613
Focus
Einführung
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Gehirnerschütterung im Sport

Nina Feddermann-Demont
,
Mario Bizzini
,
Astrid Junge
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
10 August 2017 (online)

    Permissions and Reprints

Zusammenfassung

DIAGNOSTIK UND THERAPIE Gehirnerschütterungen im Sport sind in der letzten Zeit häufig in den Medien und Fachzeitschriften diskutiert worden. In den USA haben die Schadenersatzklagen von ehemaligen American-Football-Spielern gegen die NFL und von ehemaligen Eishockeyspielern gegen die NHL sowie der Kinofilm „Erschütternde Wahrheit“ (Originaltitel: „Concussion“) mit Will Smith in der Hauptrolle Aufsehen erregt. In Deutschland führte die Gehirnerschütterung des Fußballnationalspielers Christoph Kramer während des Endspiels der FIFA-Weltmeisterschaft 2014 zu Debatten über den Umgang mit Kopfverletzungen im Sport. Was bei einer Gehirnerschütterung beachtet werden muss, warum eine sorgfältige Diagnostik wichtig ist und welche Therapien bei Gehirnerschütterung hilfreich sind, erklärt das Autorenteam vom Swiss Concussion Center, Zürich.

 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Aubry M, Cantu R, Dvorak J. et al. Summary and agreement statement of the 1st International Symposium on Concussion in Sport, Vienna 2001. Recommendations for the improvement of safety and health of athletes who may suffer concussive injuries. Br J Sports Med 2002; 36: 6-10
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 McCrory P, Johnston K, Meeuwisse W. et al. Summary and agreement statement of the 2nd International Conference on Concussion in Sport, Prague 2004. Br J Sports Med 2005; 39: 196-204
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 McCrory P, Meeuwisse W, Johnston K. et al. Consensus statement on concussion in sport: The 3 rd International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich, November 2008. Br J Sports Med. 2009 43. (1 Suppl): i76–90
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 McCrory P, Meeuwisse WH, Aubry M. et al. Consensus statement on concussion in sport: The 4th International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich, November 2012. Br J Sports Med 2013; 47: 250-258
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 McCrory P, Meeuwisse WH, Dvorak J. et al. Consensus statement on Concussion in Sport: The 5th International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Berlin, October 2016. Br J Sport Med 2017; 51: 838-847
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Elkington LJ, Hughes DC. Australian Institute of Sport and Australian Medical Association position statement on concussion in sport. Med J Aust 2017; 206: 46-50
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Harmon KG, Drezner JA, Gammons M. et al. American Medical Society for Sports Medicine position statement: Concussion in sport. Br J Sports Med 2013; 47: 15-26
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Gänsslen A, Schmehl I. Leichtes Schädel-Hirn-Trauma im Sport. Sportverlag Strauß. 2015 www.bisp.de/SharedDocs/Downloads/Publikationen/Athletenbrosch%C3%BCren/LSHT_Schaedel_Hirn_Trauma_Sport.pdf?__blob=publicationFile&v=1
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Prien A, Grafe A, Rössler R. et al. Epidemiology of head injuries focussing on concussions in team contact sports. submitted
    Google Scholar
  • 10 Echemendia RJ, Meeuwisse W, McCrory P. et al. The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition (SCAT5). Br J Sports Med. 2017 epub ahead of print doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017–097506
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Echemendia RJ, Meeuwisse W, McCrory P. et al. The Concussion Recognition Tool 5th Edition (CRT5). Br J Sports Med. 2017 epub ahead of print doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017–097508
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Davis GA, Purcell L, Schneider KJ. et al. The Child Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5th Edition (Child SCAT5). Br J Sports Med 2017; 51
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Teasdale GJ, Jennett B. Assessment of coma and impaired consciousness. A practical scale. Lancet 1974; Jul 13 2: 81-84
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Maddocks DL, Dicker GD, Saling MM. The assessment of orientation following concussion in athletes. Clin J Sport Med 1995; 5: 32-35
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 McCrea M, Kelly JP, Randolph C. et al. Standardized assessment of concussion (SAC): On-site mental status evaluation of the athlete. J Head Trauma Rehabil 1998; 13: 27-35
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Guskiewicz KM. Assessment of postural stability following sport-related concussion. Curr Sports Med Rep 2003; 2: 24-30
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Feddermann-Demont N, Echemendia RJ, Schneider KJ. et al. What domains of clinical function should be assessed after sport-related concussion? – A systematic review. Br J Sport Med 2017; 51
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Treleaven J, Jull G, Atkinson L. Cervical musculoskeletal dysfunction in post-concussional headache. Cephalalgia. 1994; 14: 273-279 discussion 57
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Hynes LM, Dickey JP. Is there a relationship between whiplash-associated disorders and concussion in hockey? A preliminary study. Brain Inj 2006; 20: 179-188
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Richmond FJR, Corneil BD. Afferent mechanisms in the upper cervical spine. In: Vernon H. (Ed.) The cranio-cervical syndrome: Mechanisms, assessment, and treatment. 2003. Oxford, UK: Butterworth Heinemann; 14-30
    Google Scholar
  • 21 Bell DR, Guskiewicz KM, Clark MA. et al. Systematic review of the balance error scoring system. Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach 2011; 3: 287-295
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Putukian M. The psychological response to injury in student athletes: A narrative review with a focus on mental health. Br J Sports Med 2016; 50: 145-148
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Vargas GR, Rabinowitz A, Meyer J. et al. Predictors and prevalence of post concussion depression symptoms in collegiate athletes. J Athl Train 2015; 50: 250-255
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Hautzinger M. Die CES-D Skala. Ein Depressionsmessinstrument für Untersuchungen in der Allgemeinbevölkerung. Diagnostica 1988; 34: 167-173
    Google Scholar
  • 25 Kroenke KS, Spitzer RL, Williams JB. The PHQ-9. Validity of a brief depression severity measure. J Gen Intern Med 2001; 16: 606-613
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Hautzinger M, Keller F, Kühner C. Beck Depressions-Inventar (BDI-II). Revision. Harcourt Test Services; Frankfurt/ Main: 2009
    Google Scholar
  • 27 Lowe B, Decker O, Muller S. et al. Validation and standardization of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7) in the general population. Med Care 2008; 46: 266-274
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Laux L, Glanzmann P, Schaffner P. et al. Das State-Trait-Angstinventar (STAI). Beltztest, Hogrefe Verlag; 1981
    Google Scholar
  • 29 Herrmann-Lingen C, Buss U, Snaith RP. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale – Deutsche Version (HADS-D) (3., aktualisierte und neu normierte Auflage). Manual. Bern: Hans Huber; 2011
    Google Scholar
  • 30 Junger EC, Newell DW, Grant GA. et al. Cerebral autoregulation following minor head injury. J Neurosurg 1997; 86: 425-432
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Leddy JJ, Kozlowski K, Donnelly JP. et al. A preliminary study of subsymptom threshold exercise training for refractory post-concussion syndrome. Clin J Sport Med 2010; 20: 21-27
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Seifert TD, Evans RW. Posttraumatic headache: A review. Current Pain and Headache Reports 2010; 14 (04) 292-98
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Jensen OK, Nielsen FF, Vosmar L. An open study comparing manual therapy with the use of cold packs in the treatment of post-traumatic headache. Cephalalgia 1990; 10: 241-250
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Nordstrom A, Nordstrom P, Ekstrand J. Sports-related concussion increases the risk of subsequent injury by about 50% in elite male football players. Br J Sports Med 2014; 48: 1447-1450
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Cassidy JD, Cancelliere C, Carroll LJ. et al. Systematic review of self-reported prognosis in adults after mild traumatic brain injury: Results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014; 95 (Suppl. 03) 132-151 doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2013.08.299
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Brolinson PG. Management of sport-related concussion: A review. Clin J Sport Med 2014; 24: 89-90
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Schneider KJ, Leddy JJ, Guskiewicz KM. et al. Rest and treatment/rehabilitation following sport-related concussion: A systematic review. Br J Sports Med.. 2017 Mar 24. pii: bjsports-2016–097475. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016–097475. [Epub ahead of print]
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Makdissi M, Schneider KJ, Feddermann-Demont N. et al. Approach to investigation and treatment of persistent symptoms following sport-related concussion: A systematic review. Br J Sports Med.. 2017 May 8. pii: bjsports-2016–097470. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016–097470. [Epub ahead of print]
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Manley GT, Gardner AJ, Schneider KJ. et al. A systematic review of potential long-term effects of sport-related concussion. Br J Sport Med. 2017 Apr 28. pii: bjsports-2017–097791. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017–097791. [Epub ahead of print]
    PubMedGoogle Scholar