Abstract
While radiography is the first-line imaging technique for evaluation of pulmonary
disease, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) provides detailed assessment of
the lung parenchyma and interstitium, allowing normal anatomy to be differentiated
from superimposed abnormal findings. The fibrotic interstitial lung diseases have
HRCT features that include reticulation, traction bronchiectasis and bronchiolectasis,
honeycombing, architectural distortion, and volume loss. The characterization and
distribution of these features result in distinctive CT patterns. The CT pattern and
its progression over time can be combined with clinical, serologic, and pathologic
data during multidisciplinary discussion to establish a clinical diagnosis. Serial
examinations identify progression, treatment response, complications, and can assist
in determining prognosis. This article will describe the technique used to perform
HRCT, the normal and abnormal appearance of the lung on HRCT, and the CT patterns
identified in common fibrotic lung diseases.
Keywords
interstitial lung disease - high-resolution computed tomography - fibrosis - traction
bronchiectasis - honeycombing - fibrotic sarcoidosis
