Botulinumtoxintherapie – neue Entwicklungen in der Augenheilkunde

Zusammenfassung

Botulinumtoxin ist seit Jahren der Goldstandard bei der Behandlung des essenziellen Blepharospasmus und des Hemispasmus facialis, ähnlich wirksam bei Synkinesien nach Fazialisparese. Falls für den individuellen Patienten erforderlich, können die Injektionsintervalle bei Lidkrämpfen auf bis zu 6 Wochen verkürzt werden. Neuere Indikationen in der Augenheilkunde umfassen die Lidretraktion bei endokriner Orbitopathie, die Induktion einer protektiven Ptosis und die Behandlung von Krokodilstränen. Zukünftig kommt Botulinumtoxin evtl. auch zur Behandlung von Depressionen (facial feedback), von Wunden im Gesichtsbereich und zum Schutz von Drüsen vor Bestrahlungsfolgen in Betracht.

Abstract

Botulinum toxin is recognised as the gold standard for the treatment of essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm, which is similar in effect in synkinesis after facial nerve palsy. The injection intervals can be adjusted according to the patientsʼ needs and be shortened for up to six weeks in cases of eyelid cramping. Newer indications for the use of botulinum toxin in ophthalmology include eyelid retraction in Gravesʼ disease, induction of protective ptosis and treatment of crocodile tears syndrome after facial nerve palsy. In future, botulinum toxin may be used in depression (facial feedback), facial injuries and for protection of facial glands against irradiation injury.

Schlüsselwörter

Neuroophthalmologie - Botulinumtoxin - verkürzte Intervalle - Synkinesien - endokrine Orbitopathie - Krokodilstränen

Key words

neuroophthalmology - botulinum toxin - shorter intervals - synkinesia - Gravesʼ disease - crocodile tears

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