Ein Selbstbeurteilungsinstrument zur Erfassung von Dermatillomanie: Reliabilität und Validität der deutschsprachigen Version der Skin Picking Scale-Revised

Zusammenfassung

Dermatillomanie (Pathologisches Hautzupfen/-quetschen) stellt spätestens seit der Einführung der offiziellen Diagnose im DSM-5 [1] ein wichtiges Forschungsfeld dar. Derzeit besteht allerdings noch ein großer Mangel an deutschsprachigen Erhebungsinstrumenten. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die Untersuchung der psychometrischen Eigenschaften der deutschen Übersetzung der Skin Picking Scale-Revised (SPS-R) [2]. Zu diesem Zweck wurde eine offene Online-Untersuchung durchgeführt. Die Auswertung von N=2 065 Datensätzen ergab für die Gesamtskala mit einem Cronbachs Alpha von 0,93 eine hohe interne Konsistenz. Hypothesenkonforme, signifikant positive Zusammenhänge mit psychischen und körperbezogenen Beeinträchtigungen, sozialen Problemen sowie einem geringen Maß an Handlungskompetenz, allgemeiner Lebenszufriedenheit und sozialer Unterstützung weisen auf eine gute Konstruktvalidität der Skala hin. Einen zusätzlichen Hinweis auf die Validität der Skala liefert zudem der erwartungsgemäße Geschlechtseffekt, demnach Frauen höhere Skin Picking Ausprägungen zeigen. Insgesamt legen die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung nahe, dass die deutsche Adaption der SPS R ein reliables und valides Instrument zur Erfassung von Dermatillomanie darstellt.

Abstract

At least since the introduction of the official diagnosis Excoriation (Skin-Picking) Disorder in the DSM-5 [1], dermatillomania is an important and growing field of research. Despite the high importance currently a huge lack of German assessment instruments exists. Aim of the present study was the examination of the psychometric properties of the German translation of the Skin Picking Scale-Revised [2]. For this purpose an open online study has been conducted. The analysis of N=2 065 data sets indicated a high internal consistency with Cronbachs Alpha being 0.93. Furthermore positive associations with the 3 problem areas psychological impairment, general physical condition, social problems as well as with reduced competence skills, general life satisfaction and social support indicate a good constructvalidity. Another sign for validity is a significant effect in terms of gender: As expected women showed higher skin picking scores than men. Overall the results of the present study suggest that the German version of the SPS-R can be seen as a reliable and valid instrument for the assessment of dermatillomania.

Schlüsselwörter

Dermatillomanie - Skin Picking - Reliabilität - Validität - Skin Picking Skala

Keywords

dermatillomania - skin picking - reliability - validity - skin picking scale

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