MRT-Perfusionsmessung mit Arterial Spin Labelling – Anwendung für die Niere und Transplantatniere

Zusammenfassung

Das Arterial Spin Labelling (ASL) ist eine Technik der Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT) zur nicht invasiven und kontrastmittelfreien Messung der Perfusion. Mit dem renalen ASL können Funktionsstörungen der Niere und pathophysiologische Veränderungen im Rahmen von Nierenerkrankungen erkannt, Krankheitsverläufe und Therapieeffekte durch longitudinale Untersuchungen beurteilt und Nierentumoren charakterisiert werden. In diesem Artikel werden die ASL-Techniken mit dem Fokus auf die speziellen Herausforderungen für die Nierendiagnostik erklärt. Darüber hinaus werden Beispiele zur klinischen Anwendung des ASL für die Diagnostik von Erkrankungen von Nieren und Transplantatnieren gegeben.

Abstract

Arterial Spin Labelling (ASL) is a technique for non-invasive and contrast-free assessment of perfusion with MRI. Renal ASL allows examination of renal pathophysiology, evaluation of the course of renal disease and therapy effects by longitudinal measurements as well as characterization of renal tumors. In this article, techniques of ASL will be explained and challenges of renal ASL will be emphasized. In addition, examples for clinical application of ASL for diagnosis of renal disease and renal allograft pathology will be given.

Kernaussagen

• Das Arterial Spin Labelling (ASL) ist eine gut reproduzierbare Technik zur nicht invasiven und kontrastmittelfreien Messung der Perfusion in der MRT.

• Wasserprotonen des arteriellen Blutes werden als endogene Tracer genutzt, indem sie durch Radiofrequenzpulse mittels Sättigung oder Inversion markiert werden (Label).

• Für die Perfusionsmessung der Niere hat sich die Flow-Sensitive-Alternating-Inversion-Recovery-Technik (FAIR-Technik) bewährt.

• Renales ASL erkennt Funktionsstörungen der Niere und erlaubt, Krankheitsverläufe und Therapieeffekte zu monitoren und Nierentumoren zu charakterisieren.

Keywords

Arterial spin labelling - flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery - renal perfusion

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