Download PDF
Facial Plast Surg 2020; 36(05): 592-601
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1717147
Original Article

Complications of Asian Double Eyelid Surgery: Prevention and Management

Stephanie Ming Young
1   Eagle Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
2   Department of Ophthalmology, National University Hospital Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
,
Yoon-Duck Kim 
3   Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
› Author Affiliations
› Further Information
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Double eyelid surgery remains one of the most popular aesthetic surgeries, especially among East Asian populations. Complications related to double eyelid surgery can be divided into various categories: (1) patient dissatisfaction, (2) problems with the eyelid crease, (3) problems with the eyelid height, (4) suture-related complications, and (5) complications related to eyelid surgery in general. As with all eyelid surgeries, it is important to understand and appreciate the normal and abnormal function and anatomy of the Asian eyelid to reduce the risk of complications. It is also important to recognize the various complications and their underlying causes so that the surgeon can confidently revise the surgery to achieve optimal outcomes.

Keywords

double eyelid surgery - cosmetic surgery - complications - Asian blepharoplasty - suture blepharoplasty


Publication History

Article published online:
24 December 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA

 

  • References

  • 1 Lee CK, Ahn ST, Kim N. Asian upper lid blepharoplasty surgery. Clin Plast Surg 2013; 40 (01) 167-178
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Kim DW, Bhatki AM. Upper blepharoplasty in the Asian eyelid. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2007; 15 (03) 327-335 , vi
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Doxanas MT, Anderson RL. Oriental eyelids. An anatomic study. Arch Ophthalmol 1984; 102 (08) 1232-1235
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 McCurdy JA. Upper lid blepharoplasty in the Oriental eye. Facial Plast Surg 1994; 10 (01) 53-66
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Karam AM, Lam SM. Management of the Asian upper eyelid. Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am 2010; 18 (03) 419-426
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Scawn R, Joshi N, Kim YD. Upper lid blepharoplasty in Asian eyes. Facial Plast Surg 2010; 26 (02) 86-92
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Lam SM. Mikamo's double-eyelid blepharoplasty and the westernization of Japan. Arch Facial Plast Surg 2002; 4 (03) 201-202
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Kiranantawat K, Suhk JH, Nguyen AH. The Asian eyelid: relevant anatomy. Semin Plast Surg 2015; 29 (03) 158-164
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Jeong S, Lemke BN, Dortzbach RK, Park YG, Kang HK. The Asian upper eyelid: an anatomical study with comparison to the Caucasian eyelid. Arch Ophthalmol 1999; 117 (07) 907-912
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Kakizaki H, Leibovitch I, Selva D, Asamoto K, Nakano T. Orbital septum attachment on the levator aponeurosis in Asians: in vivo and cadaver study. Ophthalmology 2009; 116 (10) 2031-2035
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Cho IC. Revision upper blepharoplasty. Semin Plast Surg 2015; 29 (03) 201-208
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Takayanagi S. Asian upper blepharoplasty double-fold procedure. Aesthet Surg J 2007; 27 (06) 656-663
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Mizuno T. Treatment of suture-related complications of buried-suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty in Asians. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2016; 4 (08) e839
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Weng CJ. Oriental upper blepharoplasty. Semin Plast Surg 2009; 23 (01) 5-15
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Kure K, Minami A. A simple and durable way to create a supratarsal fold (double eyelid) in Asian patients. Aesthet Surg J 2001; 21 (03) 227-232
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Lee YJ, Baek RM, Chung WJ. Nonincisional blepharoplasty using the debulking method. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2003; 27 (06) 434-437
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Liao WC, Tung TC, Tsai TR, Wang CY, Lin CH. Celebrity arcade suture blepharoplasty for double eyelid. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2005; 29 (06) 540-545
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Zhang Y, Yuan L, Sun B. et al. Repair of unsatisfactory double eyelid after double-eyelid blepharoplasty in Asian patients. Arch Facial Plast Surg 2010; 12 (04) 236-240
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Lee JH, Kim YD, Woo KI, Johnson III ON. Preaponeurotic fat advancement in levator recession for treatment of upper eyelid retraction. Plast Reconstr Surg 2015; 135 (04) 680e-690e
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Young SM, Kim YD, Kim JH, Lang SS, Woo KI. Lowering of the high eyelid crease in revision upper eyelid surgery. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019; 43 (01) 139-146
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Chen WPD. The concept of a glide zone as it relates to upper lid crease, lid fold, and application in upper blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 2007; 119 (01) 379-386
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Ellenbogen R. Free autogenous pearl fat grafts in the face--a preliminary report of a rediscovered technique. Ann Plast Surg 1986; 16 (03) 179-194
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Shorr N, Christenbury JD, Goldberg RA. Free autogenous “pearl fat” grafts to the eyelids. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 1988; 4 (01) 37-40
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Looi AL, Yong KL. “Walk the rim, feel the bone” technique in superior sulcus filling. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2016; 3 (12) e592
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Steinsapir KD, Kim YD. Pathology of “post-upper blepharoplasty syndrome”: implications for upper eyelid reconstruction. Clin Ophthalmol 2019; 13: 2035-2042
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Weng CJ, Noordhoff MS. Complications of Oriental blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 1989; 83 (04) 622-628
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Hin LC. Oriental blepharoplasty--a critical review of technique and potential hazards. Ann Plast Surg 1981; 7 (05) 362-374
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Oestreicher J, Mehta S. Complications of blepharoplasty: prevention and management. Plast Surg Int 2012; 2012: 252368
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Mizuno T. Two modified techniques to decrease complications of buried suture double-eyelid blepharoplasty. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2013; 66 (04) e95-e100
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Pacella SJ, Codner MA. Minor complications after blepharoplasty: dry eyes, chemosis, granulomas, ptosis, and scleral show. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 125 (02) 709-718
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Whipple KM, Lim LH, Korn BS, Kikkawa DO. Blepharoplasty complications: prevention and management. Clin Plast Surg 2013; 40 (01) 213-224
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Hass AN, Penne RB, Stefanyszyn MA, Flanagan JC. Incidence of postblepharoplasty orbital hemorrhage and associated visual loss. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2004; 20 (06) 426-432
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Mahaffey PJ, Wallace AF. Blindness following cosmetic blepharoplasty--a review. Br J Plast Surg 1986; 39 (02) 213-221
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Chaudhry IA, Shamsi FA, Elzaridi E. et al. Outcome of treated orbital cellulitis in a tertiary eye care center in the middle East. Ophthalmology 2007; 114 (02) 345-354
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Mauriello Jr JA. Atypical Mycobacterial Study Group. Atypical mycobacterial infection of the periocular region after periocular and facial surgery. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg 2003; 19 (03) 182-188
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Juthani V, Zoumalan CI, Lisman RD, Rizk SS. Successful management of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus orbital cellulitis after blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 2010; 126 (06) 305e-307e
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Goldberg RA, Li TG. Postoperative infection with group A beta-hemolytic Streptococcus after blepharoplasty. Am J Ophthalmol 2002; 134 (06) 908-910
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Rainin EA, Carlson BM. Postoperative diplopia and ptosis. A clinical hypothesis based on the myotoxicity of local anesthetics. Arch Ophthalmol 1985; 103 (09) 1337-1339
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Syniuta LA, Goldberg RA, Thacker NM, Rosenbaum AL. Acquired strabismus following cosmetic blepharoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003; 111 (06) 2053-2059
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar