Abstract
The complex curved contours of the zygomatic regions are difficult to analyze. Therefore,
a better evaluation medium must be developed. We aimed to examine and summarize the
morphological characteristics of the zygomatic region by using a moiré pattern map
and computer algorithm. In this cross-sectional study, we collected three-dimensional
images of the facial contours of 251 Han Chinese youth and established a morphological
moiré map database. Clustering analysis using a computer algorithm was applied to
obtain the zygomatic morphologies for classification. Aesthetic evaluation was performed
to summarize the characteristics of the zygomatic types and provide reference for
the preoperative morphological design of the midface. Zygomatic regions were morphologically
classified into five types. Each type had its typical feature in the moiré pattern
map. The moiré stripes in the left zygomatic region formed an “Ω” shape outward and
downward in type 1, and they tended to be diagonal like “\\\” in type 2, smoothly
curved like “)))” in type 3, vertical like “|||” in type 4, and diagonal like “///”
in type 5. The aesthetic evaluation outcome indicated that the integrally flat zygoma
(type 4) was more aesthetically pleasing among males, and the integrally prominent
zygoma (type 3) was more aesthetically pleasing among females. Five morphological
contour types of the zygoma were classified among the Chinese Han males and females
based on the simulated moiré pattern. This morphological classification would aid
in preparing a guide for clinical diagnosis and surgical planning.
Keywords
three-dimensional - anthropometry - zygomatic - moiré pattern - computer algorithm
