Smoking during Pregnancy and Adverse Birth and Maternal Outcomes in California, 2007 to 2016

Anura W.G. Ratnasiri; Lauren Gordon; Ronald A. Dieckmann; Henry C. Lee; Steven S. Parry; Vivi N. Arief; Ian H. DeLacy; Satyan Lakshminrusimha; Ralph J. DiLibero; Kaye E. Basford

doi:10.1055/s-0039-1693689

American Journal of Perinatology, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Am J Perinatol 2020; 37(13): 1364-1376
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693689

Original Article

Smoking during Pregnancy and Adverse Birth and Maternal Outcomes in California, 2007 to 2016

Authors

Anura W.G. Ratnasiri

¹Benefits Division, California Department of Health Care Services, Sacramento, California

²Faculty of Science, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Lauren Gordon

¹Benefits Division, California Department of Health Care Services, Sacramento, California
Ronald A. Dieckmann

³Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
Henry C. Lee

⁴Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
Steven S. Parry

¹Benefits Division, California Department of Health Care Services, Sacramento, California
Vivi N. Arief

²Faculty of Science, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Ian H. DeLacy

²Faculty of Science, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Satyan Lakshminrusimha

⁵Department of Pediatrics, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
Ralph J. DiLibero

¹Benefits Division, California Department of Health Care Services, Sacramento, California
Kaye E. Basford

²Faculty of Science, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

⁶Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Abstract

Objective This study aimed to determine associations between maternal cigarette smoking and adverse birth and maternal outcomes.

Study Design This is a 10-year population-based retrospective cohort study including 4,971,896 resident births in California. Pregnancy outcomes of maternal smokers were compared with those of nonsmokers. The outcomes of women who stopped smoking before or during various stages of pregnancy were also investigated.

Results Infants of women who smoked during pregnancy were twice as likely to have low birth weight (LBW) and be small for gestational age (SGA), 57% more likely to have very LBW (VLBW) or be a preterm birth (PTB), and 59% more likely to have a very PTB compared with infants of nonsmokers. During the study period, a significant widening of gaps developed in both rates of LBW and PTB and the percentage of SGA between infants of maternal smokers and nonsmokers.

Conclusion Smoking during pregnancy is associated with a significantly increased risk of adverse birth and maternal outcomes, and differences in rates of LBW, PTB, and SGA between infants of maternal smokers and nonsmokers increased during this period. Stopping smoking before pregnancy or even during the first trimester significantly decreased the infant risks of LBW, PTB, SGA, and the maternal risk for cesarean delivery.

Keywords

smoking during pregnancy - low birth weight - preterm birth - intrauterine growth restriction - small for gestational age - cesarean delivery

Volltext

Referenzen

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